Types of Relationships

Human relationships have always perplexed me. These seemingly simple bonds between people can amount to so much and cause such commotion that lives change drastically within minutes in these relationships. Especially in the fast changing world of today. In my piece I am going to be telling you about the three types of relationships I see taking place. Over time, I have asked myself three questions, finding the answers along the way, which is what I will be explaining to you. To begin, how much does one compromise on self-gratification for the sake of commitment? Or should one compromise at all in the name of love? Finally, what happens when love is found outside ones’ commitment? To start off, how much does one compromise on self gratification for the sake of commitment? What I have seen in regards to this scenario is basically to satisfy parents or tradition. This basically comes hard for the person making the compromise mainly because even though they may be happy, they are just not in that totally-in-love state and as a whole, not fully in the relationship. In such a relationship the person who has made the compromise is just in the relationship in a lost state where the other person is there trying to take it further and make it work whereas just being in it for maintaining it sake. The person making the compromise I would say is robbing themselves their true love as well as the other person involved. Why have someone love you and want so much from a bond when you can’t seem to find the zeal for it as well? It makes no sense to spin a top in mud; it only brings hurt in years to come. This type of relationship can be seen in families of wealth and good economic status. Secondly, should one compromise at all in the name of love? My answer to this is NO! This really makes no sense and ends up just hurting the other person badly. It’s like a slap in the face saying that you have just played with them for so long. The other person would just take it as thought you were there to satisfy and act out the role of being in a bond. Compromising in the name love is just wrong to do; whatever the circumstances. This sort of actions you would find in arranged marriages and usually it is the female that has to make this compromise and suffer. A classic example of this type of relationship can be seen in arranged marriages in Indian families, but these are not limited for Indian families in India; these can still be seen in American or other parts of the world where Indian or Muslim families reside. Only true love can set them free of this compromise but it just ends up in a big blunder because it would create a lot of friction and pose a lot of questions. When someone truly loves, they expect to have it back in return. Not an act. Lastly, what happens when love is found outside ones’ commitment? This to me is a sad thing but also a happy thing when it is dealt with maturely and with much understanding. Regarding my earlier points; imagine in this compromise that is made. It takes a true person to understand when love is found outside a relationship by the compromising partner. Although the other party is strongly in love with this person, they would understand that this was not their love story after all and should be happy that their partner found theirs. Yes it is a sad thing to happen in a relationship, but when one understands the meaning of true love only then they can let go without any qualms. In conclusion I would just like to let you know that in these relationships listed above really toys’ with emotions and in somewhat way sets people free to truly love. So next time a relationship hinders your way I urge yourself to ask yourself the questions I explained or even more ask yourself while you are in it. How much does one compromise on self-gratification for the sake of commitment? Or should one compromise at all in the name of love? Finally, what happens when love is found outside ones’ commitment? I assure you if you can analyze these three questions of relationship, you would indeed have a good approach and grasp on your commitment.

Relating Thoughts to Language Essay

Language is defined to be words that are used in a structured way so that it could be used as a way of communication between people. It can be spoken, written or even understood through body gestures. Thoughts on the other hand, are the things that runs in a person’s mind. Our thoughts and ideas are shared with other people through language. People often use language to express what they are thinking of. Thoughts are not necessarily need to be spoken, they can also be written down or analyzed. This quote â€Å"Thoughts is not merely expressed in words; it comes into existence through them† by Vygotsky basically means that thoughts do not exist until they are spoken or used by people in any form of language. For example, if a person has a new idea related to a specific subject, this idea doesn’t come into existence unless the person uses language to express it. People need to communicate with each other using language to express their thoughts. Thus, thoughts and language are strongly related to each other. In some cases, a barrier might be found in expressing thoughts through language. That might be due to lack of words or finding the exact word that expresses what a person is thinking. Also, the different spoken languages might cause a barrier or a misunderstanding between two people. For example, a Western man and an Arab man might face difficulties with using language because both of them use language differently. That might stop them from expressing their thoughts to each other. Teachers in school explain their thoughts to the students through language. The IB math teacher for example, always gives the students an example that she thought of to explain her lesson. Apart from the book, she also shares her own thoughts and ideas to give us a better understanding of the lesson. In IB math, thoughts are not expressed through spoken or written words. They are usually expressed through different symbols that makes sense only after using language. Discoveries by various scientists wouldn’t have been into existence if they hadn’t expressed their thoughts some way or the other. In IB business, thoughts are commonly expressed through written words and numbers. Language is very important in studying business because people usually speak and discuss different study cases using language. Also, people tend to share new ideas from their thoughts using business. The IB business teacher for instance, uses different gestures if the students don’t quite understand what she said. She uses more than one form of language to deliver her thoughts to her students. Cultural differences allow people to think in different ways. Even though two people from different cultures look at the same thing, their thoughts and interpretations might be different due to their cultural differences. People’s thoughts have no limitations bu t they could only make sense to other people if they were expressed through language. People could think of many things and could have many brilliant ideas inside their heads but that doesn’t mean anything if they were not expressed. Sometimes, what is appropriate in one culture, might be completely inappropriate in another. So people should be careful with the language they use when they are expressing their thoughts. When people share their thoughts and ideas, they learn new things from each other. For example, if two people from different cultures share their thoughts, they will both know more about other people’s cultures and will become more educated and open minded. That will also give them a bigger range of words to express their thoughts in. Some words that are available in one language might not be available in the other. Learning a new language will give people a chance to use the different words that were not available in their own language. Language help people to become successful because they are able to deliver their thoughts to the people surrounding them. Language also helped in improving the technology. Scientist worldwide think of new and creative ways to improve the world and their ways tend to work out because they know how to let their thoughts reach the people. In conclusion, the relationship between thoughts and language is very strong. The quote I chose to discuss shows that thoughts have no meaning unless there are expressed. People’s imaginations, ideas and thoughts could be expressed through language and could benefit the world. Different cultures tend to affect the thoughts of people both positively and negatively. They can act like a barrier that stops people from expressing their thoughts through language. At the same time, they make people expand their knowledge about different cultures. They also allow people to learn new words that were not available in their own language to express their thoughts. In school, different IB teachers use different ways to deliver their thoughts to the students. Some of them use spoken words and some use body gestures. Works Cited Kurz, Laura. Thought is not merely expressed in words; it comes into existence through them. 24 Oct. 2011 < http://toknow-11.wikispaces.com/message/view/Hand/44881868> â€Å"language.† Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition. HarperCollins Publishers. 04 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"thoughts.† The American Heritage ® Stedman’s Medical Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Company. 04 Nov. 2012. .

Production Plan for Riordan Manufacturing Essay

Production Plan for Riordan Manufacturing - Essay Example A production function is a unit which represents the relationship between output variables with respect to input constraints. In mathematical terms, an effective production function is a demonstration of input-output relationship. Just as the equation shows Y= f (c1, c2, c3, c4†¦) the production output Y depends on production quantities c1, c2, c3, and c4 respectively (Khanna, 1980). To settle this relationship Riordan manufacturing will have to design an integrated production plan. Process modeling is the very first stage of an effective production plan which is done by dividing production phase in three major phases, planning phase, action phase and control phase. In the planning phase, Riordan manufacturing should include product design and order writing activities. Similarly, in the action phase the firm should include process routing, material handling, tool control, loading and scheduling as the action operations (Patil, 2008). In the last, the firm should include expediti ng and re-planning as control activities. On establishing the three production phases, an integrated relationship will be settled in the Riordan production system. Once it is settled, the relationship of production output and input will be assured. But before designing the process stage it is necessary that Riordan manufacturing set initial production objectives. Just as lowering production, inventory and shipment costs to maximize profits or improving employee skill to maximize productivity.... In the planning phase, Riordan manufacturing should include product design and order writing activities. Similarly, in the action phase the firm should include process routing, material handling, tool control, loading and scheduling as action operations (Patil, 2008). In the last, the firm should include expediting and re-planning as control activities. On establishing the three production phases, an integrated relationship will be settled in the Riordan production system. Once it is settled, the relationship of production output and input will be assured. But before designing the process stage it is necessary that Riordan manufacturing set initial production objectives. Just as lowering production, inventory and shipment costs to maximize profits or improving employee skill to maximize productivity can be set as production goals. In this forecast is also very important like forecasting sales or turnover will determine how much efficiently the new production plan is working (Patil, 2 008, pp. 242). Strategic Capacity Planning for the New Process Design For international business firms especially those which believe in supply chain principles, capacity planning is vibrantly important for such firms. Riordan, which is specializing in integrated production management must adopt the approach of integrated capacity management (Jacobs, 2006). Planning the capacities of production facilities, workmen, machinery, equipment, distribution or inventory will bring proficient results for Riordan. Once the capacity management approach is there in all sections of the firm (procurement, production, inventory, and transportation) it will have stability to control supply and demand

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Law - Essay Example The researchers developed a summary of their dataset. They made comparisons between this dataset and quantification approaches of legal rules that had been used before. By using secondary analysis, researchers can gain new ideas from old data2. The researchers also wanted to find out whether corporations from countries based on common law seek funds for running purposes and investment projects from external capital sources, chiefly the stock market, than from internal sources. The researchers performed econometric analyses, in their bid to answer the research questions, test hypotheses, and make conclusions, based on the findings3. In carrying out this empirical research, the researchers used a panel dataset whose main contents had been gathered from a group of developing and developed countries. The researchers used the dataset to carry out econometric analyses. It is also evident that the authors of this article applied various datasets, using the indices that the researchers const ructed to allow them investigate the impacts of legal change as time passes by and to explore the correlation of such legal changes to economic development4. The indices that the researchers used in this study took into account codes pertaining to self-regulation and other sources of norms, with an obligatory effect. The rules that the researchers included in their panel dataset included those that originate from takeover codes and corporate governance codes5. In this research, coding was done for principally noteworthy court rulings, with sufficient information of the legal sources in the documents that comprise datasets. LLSV does not apply this practice when developing datasets for research. The researchers attempted to code using more values as they analysed the impact of an identified legal ruling. LLSV indices do not code using more values during analysis of previous legal rulings. Predominantly, binary variables are used in LLSV coding uses, and assumptions are made that if a rule may either apply or not. This does not take legal rulings which may be applied differently in different or specific situations. Also, this does not consider the likelihood of ambiguity or vagueness while making interpretations of legal rulings. In this study, intermediate scores between 0 and 1 were included by the researchers in their datasets6. The researchers included the codes of ‘comply’ or ‘explain’ within their coding. In addition, longitudinal indices were used by the researchers to assign codes to various judicial ruling, alongside the various changes that such rulings have undergone since their introduction. This research empirical design is subject to various criticisms. For instance, in coding for the evolution of legal rules, legal research tools were used to evaluate and analyse the state of law. However, the information is scarce and may not be retrieved from history. Backfilling the information may be difficult because the information is old and may be out of date, dating twenty or ten years ago, and may not be sufficiently detailed because complexity in regulation has been increasing time and again7. Secondly, the study employed numerous variables so as to increase the accuracy of the research findings. However, it is worthy to note that the use of many variables does not guarantee accuracy in the findings. Instead, numerous variables might lead increase complexity and ambiguity, which might lead to invalid findings. For instance, the study found out

Beowulf Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Beowulf - Essay Example Thesis statement: Does Beowulf in the poem possess heroic qualities that can be termed under the real qualities of an epic hero? The most important quality of Beowulf that makes him an epic hero is his heroic quality. For instance, like a real hero, Beowulf was ready to travel a great distance to undertake dangerous tasks. When Hrothgar faced trouble from Grendel, like a real hero, Beowulf left his homeland (Geatland), killed the Grendel the monster and saved all. But Burton Raffel criticizes that the author does not give ample importance to Beowulf’s fight with monsters and dragons (Raffel xi). Beowulf praises Hrothgar on his nobility and brevity. This proves that he possesses the heroic quality of courtesy. When he entered the land of Danes, he left his weapons on the shore. This proves his courtesy towards the king and his people. Besides, Beowulf was ready to do anything to prove his courtesy. Beowulf was a brave warrior. For instance, he fought and killed Grendel the dragon, and his mother, another dragon. Besides, Beowulf reveals Hroogar that he did defeat five giants and chased them from the earth. Beowulf possessed the quality of loyalty. He proved his loyalty towards the king and his people by killing Grendel the dragon. Later, when he became the king, Beowulf did not allow his warriors to fight against Grendel’s mother. Instead, he proved his loyalty towards his people by killing Grendel’s mother by his own. Beowulf’s success as a leader proves his military skills. Besides, he was able to maintain a group of warriors with him to help in critical situations. He very well knew that his warriors may not be helpful in the fight with Grendel and his mother. So he went alone to face those demons/beasts /dragons. This proves his military tactics. Summing up, one can see that the heroic qualities possessed by Beowulf helps him to be a real epic hero with heroism, courtesy, bravery, loyalty, leadership

Obama presidency and the media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Obama presidency and the media - Essay Example In this respect, managing the president’s message is of paramount importance to the White House’s communications operations because it inevitably determines how the message is perceived both internally and externally, how it is interpreted, thereby influencing its outcomes respectively. This paper is an update chapter to Martha Joynt Kumar’s â€Å"Managing the president's message†, examining how the Obama administration has coped with new media and traditional media, and the effectiveness of the administration in conveying its message. Additionally, the paper comments on how the old and new media have covered the Obama presidency from the perspective of a news consumer on the premises of whether or not one can make judgment or take action based upon the information received by the news media. Out of seven US presidents in the period following World War II including Eisenhower, Nixon, Reagan, Clinton, and George W Bush developed effective communications ope rations because both the presidents and their staff understood the significance of explaining to the public the administration’s priorities and strategies that promoted their achievement (Kumar 1). Unlike these five heads of state, Republican George H W Bush and Democrat Jimmy Carter, the two chief executives who had minimal interest in presidential communications since they did not consider them as fundamental aspects of their presidency, had a lot of difficulty winning support of legislators and the public on many issues. The four basic functions of the presidential communications operations include advocating, explaining, defending, and coordinating on behalf of the chief of state; how effectively the communications operations carry out these functions depends on various factors. These include the nature of what the administration is trying to sell, the chief executive’s communication competence, organizational components of the communications operation; most import antly, the organization of the communications operations needs central control, an infrastructure that satisfies the ever-large news reporters need for news, and a team of communications staff that has vast knowledge of reporters’ routines. The single most important benchmark for effective communications operations is the nature of policies and effective performances of the administration that is trying to sell them since even if the communications operations is so good at what it does, it cannot function on a backdrop of weak policy or weak implementers. Like his predecessors, the US president Barrack Obama also regularly communicates with his fellow citizens to inform them of his administration’s plans, decisions, as well as stand points on both global and domestic policy issues as need may dictate, but through new media. Coping with new and traditional media The Obama presidency values the significance of an effective communications operations mechanism for the effe ctive delivery of his messages and, unlike all other presidents who have also longed to reach the people directly, bypassing the big national news agencies, the Obama presidency has taken this quest to extreme heights altogether with his thorough disdain of the media (Rubin). The Obama presidency has shunned mainstream media, and while he engages with both print and broadcast media every day, the chief of state together with his staff

What Determines the Level of Interest Rate in the UK And How the Essay

What Determines the Level of Interest Rate in the UK And How the Changes in Interest Rate Affect Economic Growth - Essay Example Most of the monetarist economists argue that monetary policy has a lot of power compared to fiscal policy in as far as inflation control is concerned. Monetary policy also includes changes in exchange rate value due to the fact that currency fluctuation affects macroeconomic activities. Interest rates in the United Kingdom are established by the monetary policy committee of the bank of England according to Cobham (2002). Therefore monetary policy makes a major contribution in determining the level of interest rates. For instance in some countries the monetary authority might possess the power to authorize particular interest rates on loans a well as other financial deals. The monetary policy committee meets regularly to set the relevant interest rates. Monetary policies are defined in two terms that is either expansionary or contractionary. On one hand the expansionary policy increases the economies total money supply in a more rapid rate than usual. Contractionary policy on the othe r hand, expands the supply of money in a slower rate compared to the usual rate or even contracts it. Implementation of Monetary Policy in the UK Monetary policy is usually implemented by either the country’s central bank or reserve bank. ... This is due to the reason that settlement of transactions should take place daily as the business closes and thus banks without sufficient reserves borrow from the Bank of England to meet these obligations. The Bank of England is the only guarantor of such funds and is able to set interest rates in which it provides the funds. In implementing monetary policy the bank passes cost of interest rates to clients in commercial banks inform of interest charges on mortgages as well as other types of loan. If the lending rate also known as dealing rate of the central bank changes, the bank makes an adjustment to their rates of lending. Through the relationship between lending rate and commercial rates, the bank of England is able to influence the interest rates in the market. This way the Bank of England upholds its implementation of the monetary policy. For instance incase inflation increases behold the target rate, the Bank is capable of hiking the lending rate charges on the commercial ban ks. This is usually in an attempt to slow the rate of spending hence bringing back inflation to the right level. According to Richter (2008), the monetary policy of the Bank of England is to provide stability in prices and lower inflation thus supporting the economic objectives of the government including employment. The bank of England has three major tools which they use in implementation of monetary polices. The tools can be used in expanding or contracting supply of funds of the country based on response of the policy to current economic situation. The three tools include: discount rates, open market operation rates and reserve requirements of changing banks. Reserve requirement is one of the tools used in

Gender and development projects which focus only on women are doomed Essay

Gender and development projects which focus only on women are doomed to fail - Essay Example In this paper we will start with the theoretical approaches regarding women and development. Various gender and development projects especially those directed only towards women will also be discussed. We will restrict our study to Latin America only. We will discuss a few development projects actually designed and implemented in Latin America. For this purpose we will take the example of the projects conducted by World Bank. We will also try to analyze the impact and success of these projects. There is general view that development projects directed towards women only, are doomed to fail we will also try to form an opinion about it and will try to find the answer as well.A theoretical debate on development has identified three major paths upon which the framework for development is based. They are namely Women in Development (WID), Women and Development (WAD), and Gender and Development. In order to develop a sound understanding of these frameworks we will discuss them in detail. 1( Nalini Visvanathan, Lynn Duggan, Laurie Nisonoff, 2005).Women in Development (WID) is the most dominant and probably the oldest framework as well. WID subscribes to the assumptions of the modernization theory. Modernization theory assumes that traditional theories are male dominated and authoritative whereas modern theories were democratic and egalitarian and they did not believe in oppression by men. But it was realized that the benefits of modernization actually did not helped the position of women. Its benefits did not reach them but to the contrary in some cases it undermined their existing position. The focus of this theory was to integrate women in the productive role in the economic and welfare of the society. Strategies were devised even if that requires changes in the legal system to minimize disadvantages against the productive role of the women. Questions regarding women became important and visible in the development theory and practice. This theory had non-confrontation al approach. It did not question the existing social structures. It made no attempt in identifying the factors which resulted in modernization non beneficial for women. It ignored the influence of social, cultural, religious factors on the state of women. The second theory Women and Development (WID) emerged as the critique of the modernization theory and WID. It is derived from the dependency theory. With the onset of capitalism it is believed that men had greater opportunities and hence it resulted in the spread of gender hierarchy. Production for exchange which was dominated by men replaced production for use and hence it became the public opinion. The main focus of this theory was that women have always been part of the production process so the concept of integrating women in development is a myth. Its main emphasis is on the processes so this theory focuses on the relationship between woman and development process. The main contribution of this theory is that recognizes the im portance of women as an important economic actor in their

Negotiations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Negotiations - Assignment Example The goal of the customer services representative in this case is to increase the company’s membership to enhance the profitability of the business. All measures that he takes to achieve this goal including persuading the customer by exaggerating the benefits of buying the membership, and giving references of customers who have benefited from the membership in particular ways, will be termed as the negotiation tactics. The difference between negotiation strategy and negotiation tactics is basically that of why and how. A new biscuits-making company can use operational negotiation to introduce the new brand of biscuits in the market and increase its popularity among the customers by randomly offering people in the markets and public places biscuits for free. The short-term goals of the company in this situation are to advertise the biscuits and make the customers like the biscuits so that they feel convinced to go and buy the same biscuits from the shops, which is the long-term goal of the

Human Resources and Organizational Behavior for Health Care Leadership in Health Care Management Essay Example for Free

Human Resources and Organizational Behavior for Health Care Leadership in Health Care Management Essay There are people that need a strong leader in order to thrive in their job. There are also people that dont need a strong leader because they have the drive to be successful but may need a push every now and then. When it comes to an organization and the dynamics of it, managers be charismatic because of dealing with so many different personalities in the group. Being a charismatic leader requires self-confidence and trust in his/her subordinates. Showing trust in huge as it instills confidence in that employee and tells them they dont have to look over their shoulders. They can do their jobs freely which can lead to more production in the organization. Conflicts are a natural part of human interaction and its inevitable. Part of being a good leader is having effective conflict management skills. When conflicts arise, managers must know how to manage them so that bigger problems dont grow. There are so many aspects of being a manager and leading. Employees in the organization depend on good leadership and if that need is not met, it can lead to workplace disfunction. Keywords: Charismatic, Conflict, Leadership, Dynamics, Management When the management job is talked about, leadership often comes to mind. It takes a strong minded, organized, and determined individual to do this job. Over seeing a number of different employees can at times not be the easiest job. Leaders must be willing to accept and meet challenges that come for the betterment of patient healthcare. Not everyone can lead a group of people in an organization. It takes the type of person that has people skills as well as the knowledge of his/her job to lead effectively. Leading Creatively Usually when healthcare leaders have a question they take a rational approach until the right or wrong answer has made it up the chain of command. This approach can be effective in some cases but in healthcare thing are always changing. A regular leader loves to avoid mistakes which all mistakes are not avoidable. Someone who is creative loves to learn from mistakes as it can give them more ideas to choose from. Today, the healthcare environment is even more complex as reform and market forces transform the way healthcare is delivered and managed. Belief systems, values and attitudes are shifting. Creative thinking and agile, adaptive leadership will be required to make hospitals, health systems and networks sustainable as the healthcare delivery landscape transforms (http://www. ccl. org/leadership/landing/healthcare/index. aspx). As a leader in healthcare, managers must show their employees that they are willing to be innovative and let their ego go as group collaboration becomes the norm. By modeling this, the employees will be more willing to work together for the good of the organization and the patients. The Center for Creative Leadership (CCL) has developed a model that health systems can use to adapt and thrive in uncertain times by creating direction, alignment and commitment. There are six essential organizational capabilities that are a prerequisite for success: Collaborative Patient Care Teams- The team will extend to include clinicians outside the hospital environment which will place a much greater emphasis on higher-order collaboration skills. Resource Stewardship- Requires individual ownership and accountability for the decisions that will ultimately allow the system to thrive and manage its resources judiciously. Talent Transformation- Leaders will need to hire and develop talented individuals who can see the next wave of plausible solutions and innovations and lead transformational change. Boundary Spanning- Leaders draw on networks and relationships as they work systemwide to meet the mission of healthcare. Capacity for Complexity, Innovation and Change- Effective leaders move populations from old established processes to new models of effectiveness and understand the underlying emotional impact of change and how it varies by individual. Employee Engagement and Well-being- Employees are most productive and committed to their organization when they are engaged emotionally, mentally and physically. (http://www. ccl. org/leadership/landing/healthcare/index. aspx). These organizational methods are the essential keys for managers to not only lead their workplace to the way of the future but also helping to lead other organizations. The collaboration aspect is key as it will require everyone to be cohesive and understanding. Power and Influence Power is a defined as having behavioral or fate control over the behavior of another. It exists only when there is an unequal relationship between two people and where one of the two is dependent upon the other (Borkowski, 2011). Power can be a trap for some managers which can lead to abusing it. When employees see and experience this happening they pull away and lose respect for that manager. This can be the downfall of an organization as it can cause employees to lose motivation, commitment, and creativity. There are five bases of social power: reward power, coercive power, legitimate power, referent power, and expert power. An individual is not limited to just one source of power. Reward power is the ability to give rewards, something that holds value to another individual. Coercive power is the ability to punish either by administering a punishment or by withholding something that an individual needs or wants. Legitimate power is given to an individual on the basis of a given role or position. Referent power stems from Ps affective regard for, or identification with, O. The greater the attraction, the greater the identification. Expert power exists when P awards power to O on the basis of Ps perception of Os knowledge within a given area (Borkowski, 2011). In class discussion the general consensus was managers that had the trust and respect of their employees, had the most power. A manager is an expert of the knowledge he/she has over a subordinate. When managers use that expert power in the right way, which is to teach his/her subordinates, they will feel that the manager is wanting them to expand their knowledge for their success as well as the organization. This in turn continues to build trust and deep respect for the manager. As an educator, this is modeled for us by our administration. Our superintendent and principal have both been teachers in the classroom but have since moved into the roles that they have now so they are the experts when it comes to some of the issues that come up. They attend countless meetings of changes that may happen either with our district or state so that then they can inform us. Once we have a good grasp of what is going to take place we can then inform our students. The expert power that our administration had has been passed to the teaching staff so that then we can pass that knowledge to the students. Decision Making Decision making is an everyday part of our lives whether we realize what type of decision we make or not. Sometimes we make decisions rationally and sometimes intuitively. The fact is, we want to make the right decision but that is not always going to be the case because we can never see what the outcome of that decision will be and we have to live with that. As in any decision model we use, there are pros and cons of each. In the rational decision making model it brings logic and order to decision making. This approach also can help ensure discipline and consistency. Here are the sequence of steps used to rationally develop a solution: Identifying a problem or opportunity, gathering information, analyzing the situation, developing options, evaluating options, selecting a preferred alternative, and acting on the decision. A strength of this model is that it provides structure and discipline to the decision making process. A weakness of this model is the time that is needed to go through this process (http://www. the-happy-manager. com/articles/rational-decision-making-model/). Another decision making model that is used often is intuition. Intuition can make you a much more effective decision maker, especially when you deal with non-standard situations or in expedient decision making. However there are points that need to be considered for instance, when you need to use intuition, can it be effective, and how this decision model ranks versus rational analysis (http://www. time-management-guide. com/intuition-decision-making. html). In class discussion, classmates used a few different models most notably the two mentioned above. There were a few that used both or weighed heavily on just one. I was one that used both rational and intuitive. There are times in coaching when I use the rational approach to make a decision concerning practice. For example, if I need to set up teams that are equal in talent as opposed to starting five and bench, I have to think about who matches up better with who, or what drills are going to be the most beneficial and productive on a given day. My intuitive approach is used during game situations. For example, when to utilize timeouts, when to substitute players, what play to run, or when to switch defenses. Either way, decisions ometimes dont work out the way you envision but you learn to live with it and move on. Conflict-Conflict Management Another aspect of being a leader in management is conflict and conflict management. Some situations are easier to handle than others but a manager that has effective conflict management skills can diffuse a bad situation before it gets worse. Interpersonal conflict is a natural outcome of human interaction that involves two or more individuals who believe that their attitudes, behaviors, or preferred goals are in opposition (Borkowski, 2011). This type of conflict is probably one the most common in the workplace simply because there are personal characteristics and issues, interactional difficulties and perspective and perceptive differences. As a result of the diversity of todays workplace, an extensive range of differences exists between personal and cultures. When dealing with groups of people, many interpersonal conflicts involve role confusion. If a person doesnt understand their expectations it can intensify the conflict leading to unhealthy relationships. As a result, reactions such as aggression and hostility can take place. There are many strategies we can use in conflict situations whether we use some more often than others or not. Its important that the strategy we do use is appropriate for that particular situation even if its not the strategy we habitually use (Williams, n. d. ). Some strategies we can use for conflict management are; Forcing, Accommodating, Avoiding, Compromising, and Collaborating. When forcing, the manager is using formal authority or other power that he/she possesses to satisfy their concerns without regard to the concerns of the party they are in conflict with. Accommodating is allowing the other party to satisfy their concerns while neglecting your own. Avoiding is not paying attention to the conflict and not taking any action to resolve it. Compromising or attempting to resolve a conflict by identifying a solution that is partially satisfactory to both parties, but completely satisfactory to neither. Lastly, there is collaborating or cooperating with the other party to understand their concerns and expressing your own concerns in an effort to find a mutually and completely satisfactory solution (Williams, n. . ). When leading an organization, understanding how conflict arises is helpful for anticipating situations that may become conflictual. This was something that was talked about in our class discussion. Another idea that was mentioned was that seeing all sides of a situation makes a good manager because it helps the employees develop trust. A situation that stands out to me is looking up from speaking with another student and witnessi ng a student get hit with a ball by another student. We will call the student that got hit (A) and the student that threw the ball (B). Obviously student (A) was not happy about getting hit so the first thing he does is run to confront student (B). Some pushing was done by both and then I intervened. Not seeing student (B) throw the ball just the outcome, I calmed them both down and I asked student (B) why he hit student (A) with the ball. He said he was trying to throw it to someone else but that student (A) stepped in at the wrong time and got hit so it was a just an accident. After student (A) heard the story he understood and apologized for pushing student (B) and student (B) also apologized. The strategy I used was collaborating as we all came to an understanding to what happened. Conclusion Not everyone can lead a group of people in an organization. It takes the type of person that has people skills as well as the knowledge of his/her job to lead effectively. Managers are pulled in so many different directions and they must be able to adapt. Being a leader in an organization is not easy, however being a leader period is not easy. A manager must be aware of what is happening in their organization to lead effectively. Not everyone has the same expectations but part of being a charismatic leader is showing that trust and confidence in his/her employees shows them that even though you are the manager, you trust what they are bringing something positive to the organization. Managers relationship with his/her employees is important as the day to day operations depend on the behaviors of everyone. The relationship connectedness between subordinates and managers is key to productivity in the workplace.

The Reasons For Human Resource Planning In Organisations Business Essay

The Reasons For Human Resource Planning In Organisations Business Essay HR planning is a systematic analysis of HR needs in order to ensure that correct number of employees with the necessary skills are available when they are required (What is Human Resource, 2012). An organisations HR department complete several tasks relevant to its workers, include recruiting, training, career development and retirement services. HR planning is one of HRs most important aims because it deals with recruiting and the employment advertises. HR Planning includes collecting of information; creating objectives, goals, and making conclusion to let the organisation achieves its goals. The reasons of using HR planning is to find out how many employees do the company have; what kind of workers does the organisation have; how a organisation should use their available resources and how can the company stay and maintain its workers. HR planning makes the organisation to progress and be successful and it shapes an important part of management information system. HR planning is that it compensates uncertainty and alters. It provides extent for improvement and growth of workers through training. It assists to satisfy each need of the employees for the promotions, salary and improvement. However it helps to improve and develop human resource assistance in the structure of increased productivity, sales and income. Outline the stages involved in planning human resource requirements There some steps in HR planning where it used by organisations. One of the step is, collect data on the organisational aims and goals to find out where the organisation wants to go and how it wants to obtain to that position. The next step is to take stock of the current workers in the organisation. The HR record involved to data relating to numbers, ages, locations and analysis of individuals and skills. The next stage is auditing, this stage involves the analysis of the strategic environment in the light of the organisations strategic objectives. The audit looks at what had happened in the past and at current in terms of work turn over, training costs and lack. By identifying these information they can be able to forecast what will happen to HR in the future in the organisation. The anticipate step investigate the demand for, and supply of, work in terms of number, kind and quality of persons that the organisation should employ to suit their requirements and cover accepted turnover. The next step is HR resource plan, where organisations look at career planning and HR plans. The main reason of this is that the organisations goals may associate as close to as possible, or organise, in order to provide good possibilities for the growth of its employees. Monitoring and control is the final stage of HR planning, when the plan accepts then it has to be control. HR department has responsibility to follow up to view what is occurrence in terms and conditions of the available resources and they use this idea to make sure that they use all the available talents. Evaluate the recruitment and selection process in two contrasting organisations Recruitment is the process of finding out about someone who wants to work for an organisation, where the applicant fill the job application and sent to chosen organisation. Selection is the process of choosing suitable candidate to fill a post, where the organisation point out for which applicant they provide work on their organisation. Recruitment and selection is regularly offered as a programmed based on reason activity. See (Appendix 2) There are two types of recruitment internal and external. Internal recruitment is when the business seems to fill the available job from inside its existing employees. Internal sources of recruitment are available to an organisation where they use sources for transfers, promotions and re-employment of their employees. It also saves time and is cheaper. External recruitment is when businesses look to fill the available job position from appropriate applicant outside the business. It takes lots of time and it is expansive. The external sources of recruitment include Job centres, where they are responsible for helping the unemployed people and find jobs for them and it is free to use. A Job advertisement is another external source, where will found in local and national newspapers, notice boards, recruitment fairs. Recruitment agency is also an external source, where it offers employers with information of appropriate applicants for a job. See recruitment process in (Appendix 3) Tesco and McDonalds recruitment: Recruitment takes the attention of the right standard of applicants to apply for vacancies. Tesco advertises vacancies in different ways. Tesco first look at it is internal employees to fill a vacancy, which means that they look at their current employees for a move, either at the same level or on promotion. If there are no appropriate persons to fill the vacancy, then Tesco advertises the post within on its intranet websites. For external recruitment, Tesco advertises vacancies through the Tesco website, also through vacancy boards in stores, through offline media, television, radio, magazines and newspapers. Tesco look at the most affordable way of attracting the correct applicants. It is very expansive to promote on telly and radio and magazines, but occasionally this is important to inform the right people to get learn about the vacancies. Tesco makes it simple for people to find out about available jobs and has a simple application process. By using the Tesco website, applicants can find out about available jobs. They have online application where it fill by applicants and submit directly. Applicants can apply in Tescos stores with their CV or register though Jobcentre Plus. The store arranges a waiting list of applicants who apply in this way and calls them in as jobs become available. In other hand, in McDonalds recruitment plan, each restaurant has responsible to fill the vacancy. For recruiting employees, McDonalds use some possibilities. Vacancies are normally advertised in the restaurant. They use local job centres, career fair and other local facilities. It is very important to use effectual employ stuff with an understandable message targeted at the right audience. A recruitment exercise often generates more applications than there are positions available. McDonalds directs applicants to applying online at their website. People who cannot access the web then they can call the recruitment line, or pick up a pre-paid Business Reply Card from a McDonalds restaurant. Tesco and McDonalds selection: Tesco selection includes choosing the most appropriate applicant from those that apply for a vacancy, whereas maintenance to employment rules and regulations. Screening applicants is a very important part of Tescos selection process. This ensures that those selected for interview have the best fit with the job requirements. In the first stages of screening, Tesco selectors will look at each applicants CV. A well-written CV helps Tesco to consider whether an applicant suits the requirement for the job. An applicant who passes screening participate an assessment centre, where it take place in store and are run by managers. Applicants are given a variety of exercises, including team-working activities or problem-solving exercises. Applicants who are accepting by the internal assessment centres then have an interview. Line managers for the job on offer take part in the interview to make sure that the applicant fits the position requirements. See the process of Tesco selection in (appendix 4) McDonald selection is a bit different where the manager will select the applicants to be interviewed and will conduct the interviews. Their selection process starts with online psychometric test. This test creates a first achieve. The applicant then attends a first stage interview and is presented On Job Experience (OJE). This is a two days assessment in a restaurant, then a successful applicant goes to a final interview, after which the manager decides whether or not to employ the applicant. McDonald provides a welcome meeting for their new staffs. The welcome meeting gives an indication of the company, including: job role food, hygiene and safety training, policies and procedures, training and development. The effectiveness of the recruitment and selection techniques in two organisations This process attracting and recruiting the most qualified applicant, through system and personal invitations. Recruitment and selection can play an important role in determining an organisations effectiveness and performance, if organisations are able to obtain employees who already possess appropriate knowledge, skills and talents and are also able to make a correct guess about their future abilities. The recruitment and selection of employees is basic to the performance of an organisation, and there are convincing reasons for getting it right. Inappropriate selection decisions decrease organisational effectiveness, cancels reward and development strategies, are often unfair on the individual recruit and can be difficult for managers who have to deal with unsuitable employees. (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2006) In order to stay competitive, companies need to have the best talent possible. Tesco and McDonalds recruitment process usually start when employee in the organisation leaves and this opens up an opportunity to another applicant to fill their position. The major effectiveness of recruitment and selection for Tesco and McDonalds is that it help the decision making of the higher management to fill a gap; it helps them find the right applicant with the accurate qualifications and skills to be able to do the job not taking in to thought their race, age, gender, colour or nationality. The recruitment and selection process is important to both organisation but the process can be expensive. It is very time consuming as well and a lot of thought will need to be taken by the managers in order to choose the right applicant. Also Tesco and McDonalds transfers their employees work or place if the management wishes to transfer them to the place of their choice. However, advertising is an extensively accepted technique of recruitment and both Tesco and McDonalds use technique to provides different sources, information about the job and company for applicant and attract them to apply for job. Conclusion: Employees planning is very important if a business is to get together it is future demands for workers. It lets a business time to teach active staff to obtain on new responsibilities and to recruit new employees to fill up vacancies. Tesco wants to have employees with the accurate skills and behaviours to maintain it is growth and development and they provide different ways of applying for jobs and a reliable approach to recruitment and selection. McDonalds considers that the achievement of the restaurants and the company is attaining through the staffs it employs. The company aims to employ the greatest people, to maintain them by presenting continuing training related to their position and to promote them when they are ready. It is recruitment strategies; procedures and exercise reveal the companys strength of mind to complete it is aim.

Structures Used in The Sound and the Fury Essay -- Sound and the Fury

Structures Used in The Sound and the Fury In â€Å"Christian and Freudian Structures†, Carvel Collins points out some interesting systems used by Faulkner in The Sound and The Fury. Collins refers to the first system Faulkner uses as a Christian structure, which shows how all three Compson sons are in parallel with Christ. When discussing the Christian structure, Collins says that it is important for the reader to know that three of the four sections are set on Easter Sunday and the two days preceding it (71). First, he discusses the Quentin section because it dates back to a Thursday with the other sections being on Friday (Jason), Saturday (Benjy), and Sunday (fourth section). The Thursday in which the Quentin section takes place symbolizes Christ’s experience on Holy Thursday and some points of similarity are: 1) Quentin's’s Last Supper with Shreve, Gerald, and their companions in the picnic, in which they drink wine. (Wine in biblical terms symbolizes the blood of Christ.) 2) The â€Å"breaking of the bread† with the little Italian girl (bread=body of Christ). 3) Quentin’s tortured conversation with his father stands out in his memories which takes place on the same day of the week as the event of Christ crying out in anguish upon his father and 4) Quentin is captured and taken before a court, just as Christ was. Next in history was Good Friday which compares to the Jason section. One event that took place on Good Friday was â€Å"that disciple took her (Christ’s mother) into his own† (John 19). Christ’s mother was in association with her son, just like Mrs. Compson and Jason Jason was the only child in which she cared for. Jason’s name also seems to be significant because it was â€Å"used for ‘Jesus’ by Hellenized Jews†. One ... ...epresents the ego, â€Å"which Freud presents as a battleground between the urges of the id and the restraints of the super-ego; and Jason at that of the repressive super-ego† (73). Using these Freudian terms and characteristics, the three Compson sons merge into one with Benjamin representing the id, having only instinct and does not care about time. He goes to sleep at the end of his section. Then in the first sentence of the Quentin section, Quentin wakes up aware of the time (â€Å"ego first part of the personality to become aware of time†) (74). Works Cited Collins, Carvel â€Å"Christian and Freudian Structures.† Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Sound and The Fury. Ed. Michael H. Cowan. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1968. 71-74. Life Applications Bible for Students. The New King James Version. Illinois: Tyndale Publications, Inc., 1994.

Comparison of a Popular and Academic Scientific Article Essay -- Healt

Comparison of a Popular and Academic Scientific Article Retinitis Pigmentosa, (RP) is currently an incurable, degenerative sight disease in which cells located in the retina of an eye die prematurely. Progressively these dead retinal cells lead to complete and irreversible vision loss. Recent scientific breakthroughs and studies involving gene therapy lend support to the fact that it may be possible to heal the blind through nonparticle gene therapy. Two articles published in the spring of 2010 suggests that gene replacement therapy, the modification of genes by means of addition, removal, or alteration, may provide answers and treatment options for patients suffering from RP. The FASEB Journal published the academic article Gene delivery to mitotic and postmitotic photoreceptors via compacted DNA nanoparticles results in improved phenotype in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. A brief overview and summation of the process was published on the Science Daily website in a popular article entitled Toward Making the Blind See: Gene Ther apy Restores Vision in Mice. In these two separate articles it is obvious to see that the purpose, audience, amount of content, and writing styles vary drastically. This variation results primarily from the popular article being written with general public in mind whereas academic articles are normally written to a scientific audience. Other elements such as genre, stance, and subject of focus remain the same throughout the two articles, since both articles, however different, were written about the same retinal disease. In the Popular source it is evident that the article exists primarily to inform readers of a recent finding, that it may be possible to manipulate genes in a way so that it co... ...and his awareness to his writing styles. The contrary applies to academic articles. Academic articles are written as a process and a compilation of found data. Because the data is so complex and the processes so involved this audience typically falls into the hands of those who know it best, therefore resulting in a smaller reader window. Since the process and information must be replicable the amount of content varies wildly with every experiment and technique and writing styles. To tie all pieces together, popular articles are more effective at presenting small amounts of information to a large group, whereas academic articles are great resources for references to experiments and tests. These articles differ greatly but when compared and contrasted it is obvious that each difference is present so that the article can properly cater to its appropriate audience.

Analysis Of Ibsens A Dolls House Essay -- A Dolls House Essays

"A Doll House" A critical Analysis When Nora slammed the door shut in her doll's house in 1879, her message sent shockwaves around the world that persist to this day. "I must stand quite alone", Nora declared after finding out that her ideal of life was just a imagination of her and that all her life had been build up by others people's, specifically her husband and her dad ideas, opinions and tastes. Nora is the pampered wife of an aspiring bank manager Torvald Halmer. In a desperate attempt to saves her husband's life Nora once asked for a loan so she and her family could move somewhere where her husband could recover from his sickness. Giving the circumstances she, as a woman of that period, by herself and behind her husband forged her dad signature to receive the loan. Now, Nora's lender (Mr. Krogstad), despite her paying punctually, uses that fault as a fraud to pressure her so she could help him to keep his job in the Bank where her husband is going to be the manager. Nora finds out that Torvald would fire Mr. Krogstad at any cost. At learning this, Nora trembles for she knows Mr. Krogstad will tell everything to Torvald. She remains confident; however that Torvald will stand by her no matter what outcome. His reaction though is not what she expected and therefore here is when she realizes that she "must stand quite alone" and leaves her husband. From the time A Doll's House was performed for first time (1879) till now, there have been all sorts of interpretation and critics about its message. According to Mr. Mayer's files critics considered that the A Doll's House message was that "a marriage was not sacrosanct, that a man's authority in his home should not go unchallenged". Another similar critics' interpretat... ... Johnston, Brian. Text and Supertext in Ibsen's Drama. Pennsylvania : The Pennsylvania State University , 1932. 2. Templeton, Joan. Ibsen's Women. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1997. 3. Tennant, P.F.D. Ibsen's Dramatic Technique. New York : Hummanities Press Inc., 1948. 4. Meyer, Michael. Ibsen's on file. London and New York : Methuen London Ltd., 1985. 5. Ford, Karen. "Social contrains and painful growth in A Doll's House". Expanded Academic ASAP. Methodist College , Fayetteville , NC . 30 Octuber 2005 6. Hopkins, Anthony and Bloom Claire. A Doll's House video recording. Southgate Entertainment." 1989. 7. Rekdal, Anne Marie. " The female Jouissance An Analysis of Ibsen's Et dukkehjem. Expanded Academic ASAP. Methodist College , Fayetteville , NC . 30 Octuber 2005

D.H Lawrence’s “Tickets Please” Essay

In tickets there are two main characters, these are John Thomas and Annie. Annie works on the trams and girls are only chosen to work on the trams of they have a confidant nature and a certain no-nonsense approach to men. And this affects her relationship with John Thomas. There are many ways how Lawrence shows how Annie and John Thomas are attracted to each other. The first example of this is on page eighty three paragraph two. † She could tell by the movement of his mouth and eyes, when he flirted with her in the morning in the morning, that he had been walking out with this lass, or the other, the night before. A fine cock-of-the-walk he was. She could some him up pretty well.† The part where she says she could tell by the movement of his eyes and his lips show that she must have some interest in him because she must have studied his movements; this shows at the very least she is interested in him. Another example that shows that they are attracted to each other is the fact that Annie says that she keeps John Thomas at an arm length away from her but John Thomas keeps coming back to try and win her over. Just to show that John Thomas is attracted to her he goes out with another girl after she turns him down as if just to spite her. This also shows more than a passing interest in Annie. On page eighty three we see how Annie and John Thomas react to each other. In paragraph three Lawrence shows and tells us how they react to each other † In this subtle antagonism they knew each other like old friends, they were as shrewd with one another almost as man and wife.† This tells us that when they flirt with each other they are like old friends, it is almost like a routine they both know of-by-heart but carry it on none the less. An example of how John Thomas reacts to Annie is on page eighty four where Annie meets John Thomas at the fair. The example is on the fourth paragraph. â€Å"John Thomas made her stay on for the next round. And therefore she could hardly for shame repulse him when he out his arm around her and drew her a  little nearer to him, in a very warm and cuddly manner. Besides he was fairly discreet, he kept his movements as hidden as possible.† This shows us that John Thomas is reacting to Annie less in the capacity as her friend but more as her boyfriend. We can also tell how Annie reacts to John Thomas in the extract above. In the quote above Annie tells us that John Thomas puts her arm around her and she says he did it in a very cuddly manner and that he was fairly discreet. It is almost as if Annie is trying to convince herself that there is nothing wrong with what she is doing and feeling. Annie is rapidly forgetting that she has a boyfriend and is becoming ensnared in John Thomas’s ploy. In the end Annie decides to get her own back on John Thomas for rejecting her and she goes round her work place subtle suggesting to the other girls that he had dumped that it would be a good idea to get their revenge on him. In the end I think John Thomas â€Å"wins† because he is completely humiliated by been beaten up by the girls and yet when he is forced to choose which one of the girls he is going to stay with he chooses Annie. Annie seems horrified by this because the very thought revolts her due to what he is. In John Thomas’s humiliation it is almost as if the humiliation that has been inflicted upon him has been traversed to Annie as she begins to realise the full consequences of hat she has done. She has cheated on her boyfriend and she herself also feels humiliated by inflicting pain and taking her revenge too far.

Macbeth-Struggle for Power

It is indeed evident that the play, Macbeth is ultimately about the struggle for power. Power is something many desire where people often change and become evil in their attempts to acquire it and during this play the characters go through many changes which lead to disaster. The two main characters mostly influenced by power in this Shakespearean play are Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Macbeth is swayed by the prophecy made by the witches and also by Lady Macbeth who holds great control over her husband. Through the analysis of characters and techniques it can be seen that the desire of gaining power is evident in the play, Macbeth and that the characters stop at nothing to achieve their goals. Although the protagonist gains power there is still a constant thirst for more, to better their position one step further, even if it comes at the expense of a life. Macbeth becomes fixated on rising to the throne in place of King Duncan however; just recently, he has been given the title of thane of Cawdor by the king. Although happy with the new title and new power, Macbeth still craves for the role held by the king. The importance of honor in society is a primary theme as it is what provokes Macbeth to kill for kingship and sends him on a dismal journey towards the throne. â€Å"If chance will have me king, why chance may crown me without my stir†. (ACT I scene 3, lines 143-145) This demonstrates the ideology that Macbeth is not satisfied with just being a thane but has now heard the prophecy and is seduced by the thought of gaining more power. He hastily makes the decision to Kill Duncan with the influence of Lady Macbeth. Lady Macbeth's struggle for power starts the moment she appears in the play where she finds the letter and launches into criticizing Macbeth's manhood. â€Å"It is too full of o' th' milk of human kindness†. This metaphoric language mirrors the domineering character of Lady Macbeth where she accuses him of being too gentle to kill King Duncan. She believes this so much that she calls on evil spirits to remove Macbeth’s kind nature. â€Å"Hie thee hither that I may pour my spirits in thine ear and chastise with the valor of my tongue all that impedes thee from the golden round, which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem to have thee crowned withal. (Act 1 Scene 5, lines 23-28) Denoting that she is willing to cast out all that is righteous and dignified about her husband in efforts to gain power. She doesn't hesitate to execute the plan of murdering King Duncan because she believes the prophecy is true and that destiny is on her side. In search of power, the characters change and descend into a compulsive state which leads to disaster. As Macbeth falls deeper into this obsession with the throne he becomes a more dishonest and cunning character. â€Å"Who’s there? A friend†. ACT II scene 1, lines 11-12). This use of irony depicts the deceitful nature of Macbeth as he descends into madness. Banquo is a very loyal general to the King and he will not be tempted by Macbeth into betraying him. Macbeth is certainly no friend to Banquo, his murderous quest to kill Duncan contradicts Banquo’s morals and judgment. â€Å"Upon this bank and shoal of time we’d jump the life to come† (ACT I scene 7, lines 6-7). This metaphor exemplifies the idea that this shallow or narrow ford of human life in this great river of eternity. Shakespeare has creatively used symbolism through metaphoric language to demonstrate how a narrow river being cut off and dried up is Macbeth killing Duncan. He will be overthrowing the natural order of the heir to the throne and setting his place in eternity. Evidently he must kill King Duncan in this short period of time while he is still vulnerable in his castle. The effect of ambition on Macbeth drives him into his contemptible acts in order to assume the throne. He falls into a deep obsession which consumes his rational thought and he becomes very evil and conniving. Is this the dagger which I see before me, the handle towards my hand? † (ACT II scene 1, line 33-34) This foreshadowing illustrates the subconscious thoughts of Macbeth and how they materialize in front of him. He starts to visualize this dagger, predicting the malicious tasks ahead which add the disturbing atmosphere. Macbeth chooses to abuse his power over others and he becomes a hated king. This is caused not only by his cruelty but also the many superstitions by people who think he killed Duncan which greatly depleted his power. Lady Macbeth is quick to become evil in her ways as she is the mastermind behind the killing of Duncan. He that’s coming must be provided for, and you shall put this night’s great business into my dispatch† (ACT I scene 6, lines 64-66). These heartless puns convey Lady Macbeth’s merciless intentions for the night’s gathering. Being provided for often takes on the meaning of being fed but in this case Lady Macbeth is referring to the death of King Duncan. Putting the night’s business into her dispatch appears to be something along the lines of carrying out the welcome of the guests and of course she is indicating that Macbeth must follow her instruction in order to kill King Duncan. Ultimately it is evident that Macbeth is about the struggle for power where once you have gained a certain power you still yearn more, establishing a constant desire. When the characters are in search of power they become obsessive and this causes them to change and become evil. Therefore it can be seen that the importance and desire for power greatly contributes to the outcome of the play and the fate of the characters.

Mapp v. Ohio and Miranda v. Arizona: An analysis

The case of Mapp vs. Ohio [367 U.S. 643 (1961)] was brought to the Supreme Court on account of Mapp’sconviction due to a transgression of an Ohio statute. Mapp was said to have violated the statue for possessing and keeping in her house various materials which are obscene in nature. The obscene materials were found in her house after a search conducted by police officers in her house. Mapp appealed her conviction before the Supreme Court, arguing that the search conducted by the police should be struck down as invalid as the same was conducted without the benefit of a warrant. In Miranda vs. Arizona [384 U.S. 436 (1966)], Miranda was convicted of rape and kidnapping. His conviction was decided by the lower court on account of his confession before police officers. He confessed to having committed the offense when he was investigated upon after being arrested by the police. Miranda appealed his conviction before the Supreme Court, contending that the confession cannot be considered as proper basis for his conviction due to the fact that he was without the assistance of counsel during the interrogation in which the confession was made by him. Section 2 In Mapp vs. Ohio, the Supreme Court set aside the conviction, holding that the search could not validly produce the conviction for the same was conducted without a warrant being issued for the same. The Court, citing Weeks vs. United States [232 U.S. 383 (1914)], supported its decision by saying, â€Å"conviction by means of unlawful seizures and enforced confessions should find no sanction in the judgments of the courts†. In the opinion of the Court, to convict a person based on an invalid search is a denial of the Constitutional rights of the citizens, and hence cannot be permitted by the Courts. The conviction in Miranda vs. Arizona was likewise held invalid by the Supreme Court. In this case, the Court relied on the coercive nature of interrogations conducted by police for saying that one conducted without the presence of counsel to assist the accused is a denial of the constitutional rights of the latter. Hence, any confession made under any un-counseled interrogation cannot be sanctioned as valid evidence against the accused. The Court, in its decision, made clear that â€Å"the person in custody must, prior to interrogation, be clearly informed that he has the right to remain silent, and that anything he says will be used against him in court; he must be clearly informed that he has the right to consult with a lawyer and to have the lawyer with him during interrogation, and that, if he is indigent, a lawyer will be appointed to represent him†. Section 3 It is believed that the decisions rendered in both cases do not handcuff the police so as to restrict them from performing their duties. In fact, it is advanced that the decisions in Mapp and Arizona even seeks to limit, if not to eradicate, the abuse sometimes perpetrated by the police in the course of arrests or investigations. It cannot be said that the doctrines laid down by the courts handcuffs the police for law and jurisprudence provides for valid exceptions to the applications of the doctrines. At most, the decisions only seek to prevent the police from having unbridled discretion in gathering evidence against suspected violators and in obtaining confessions through violation and coercion. Section 4 After an analysis of the case, it becomes apparent that the abuses perpetrated by police officers in the conduct of their duties are the same reasons why the Court has rendered a decision which effectively limits the discretion of the police in conducting interrogations and gathering evidence against suspected violators of the law. In the same way, the cases also gave hope that after the rendition of the cases, the police would no longer be abusive for purposes of prosecuting an offender; that convictions will only be produced by evidence obtained through legally permissible means. Section 5 References Cited: Mapp v. Ohio. 367 U.S. 643 (1961) Miranda v. Arizona. 384 U.S. 436 (1966) Weeks v. United States. 232 U.S. 383 (1914)

Socrates Understanding

| Socrates Understanding| Beverly Melcher| Ethics and Moral Reasoning: PHI 208 Dione Johnson| | 3/3/2013| Socrates Understanding The concept of holiness emerges into the dialogue when Socrates is trying to find out how to address the gods in a proper way. He is also trying to find out the definition of piety and impiety from the gods point of view. The reason for this is so that the man, Meletus, who feels that he is bring justified charges against Socrates to the gods, because he is bringing charges against his father of murder.Meletus feels that Socrates is being impiety or impious to his father in not showing him respect for what he has done. Socrates feels that he is justified in the charges because his father was wrong in not providing the serf with provisions until just could be properly done. In Socrates eyes, his father committed murder, and should be tried for his wrong doings. Piety is doing as I am doing: that is to say, prosecuting anyone who is guilty of murder, sacrileg e, or of any similar crime—whether he be your father or mother, or whoever he may be—that makes no difference; and not to prosecute them is impiety.The next definition, ‘Piety is that which is lived of the gods,’ is shipwrecked on a refined distinction between the state and the act, corresponding respectively to the adjective and the participle, or rather perhaps to the participle and the verb. The third and last definition, ‘Piety is a part of justice’ and â€Å"Piety is what is dear to the gods, and impiety is what is not dear to them. ’ Socrates hardly sees the first explanation as a true definition. The second appears to him as to be part of justice which attends to the gods, as there is the other part of justice which attends to men.Piety or holiness is preceded by the act of being pious, not by the act of being loves; and therefore piety and the state of being loved are different. Euthyphro is simply saying that piety and holines s is learning how to please the gods in word and deed, by prayers and sacrifice (Plato). This type of piety is considered a salvation to the families and states, as to impious or impiety is unpleasing to the gods and brings upon them ruin and destruction. Socrates goal is in placing religion on a moral foundation.He is seeking on how to realize the harmony of religion and morality, in which is universal wanted of all men (Plato). He describes piety as being an affair to business, a science of giving and asking the true service of the gods of the spirit and is in co-operation with them in all things true and good and which everyone must learn for himself (Plato). The features of dialogue that aligns with the interpretation of his goals are all the questions that Socrates asked of Euthyphro before he has to be seen in the courts of the gods.Piety is the  virtue  that can mean a  religious devotion,  spirituality, or a combination of both. A showing of respect to one’s p eers, parents, or the judges of one’s actions whether right or wrong. A man with  piety is  respected by his responsibilities to gods, country, parents, and kin. It is Socrates strictest sense on what sort of love a son ought to have for his father. References http://www. gutenberg. org/files/1642-h. htm Release Date: November 23, 2008 [EBook #1642] Last Updated: January 15, 2013

Mobile Plus Group Ltd market analysis Research Paper

Mobile Plus Group Ltd market analysis - Research Paper Example Mobile Plus Group Ltd market analysis Business people who are value conscious will be able to appreciate the savings that our dual and triple SIM cellphones can offer as it affords them an extra line without the additional cost of an extra phone. Business venturers usually contact different kinds of people from different society classes thus using all the available network services that there is. Most of the time, these networks compete each other and offer promos that are only exclusive to a Same Network basis. In this case, business people tend to switch from one SIM to the other just to avail of the promos whenever they use their cellphones to call their wide array of clients who use different Networks. That is the reason why to target business people in selling dual and/or triple SIM cellulars is a practical idea to pursue.Giving them the freedom to use at most, three different Networks at once to contact their clients without having to switch phones offers efficiency and savings from the costs of buying another cell ular phone. This will also offer a better transacting means for business users who would usually organize in just a single phone the events that they have to meet throughout their working schedules.Personal users – Our secondary market will be personal cellphone users or the general public. Personal cellphone users can be a profitable segment in the market given their sheer size. The consumer’ behavior and buying preference are influence by several factors. Typical example of how these behavior and preference is influenced by the environmental factors which are media, culture and social influences.

The basics of quality management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The basics of quality management - Essay Example His research took place during the Second World War when there was a need for quality appraisal in strategic goods such as ammunitions and other products used during the war. His ideas were also borrowed from Japans need to improve the quality in the building of its country. The theory was based on 14 major principles that explained quality management processes (Adetule 50). Deming’s theory is also based on the principle of profound knowledge that is crucial in the success of an organization. Reflective knowledge is based on four principles that generalize the 14 pillars of the theory. System appreciation includes comprehension of the company’s ways of operation. Workers have to understand the code of conducts before employing quality management in the organization. Variation knowledge provides for changes in the organization that may happen before quality monitoring. Psychology knowledge assists the managers to understand customer and employee trends that may affect th e operation of quality management procedures. Deming continued his research in countries with developing industrial environments and used his knowledge to come up with principles such as Plan-Do-Check-Act that can be used for continuous quality improvement (Adetule 49). His research projects began during his career as an engineer where he used his knowledge in human relations to standardize production in companies that he worked. Joseph teamed up with other scholars to write books and campaign the need for a standardization organization that would monitor the quality of goods and services in the markets. The ‘Juran Trilogy approach highlighted on managerial processes that would affect quality management tactics in businesses (Adetule 49). They include quality improvement, control and planning. He also incorporated the use of statistical and scientific methods such as acceptance sampling and control charts in quality management. Cause-and-effect diagram or the Ishikawa chart

Research Paper of the Research Proposal that I give you

Of the Proposal that I give you - Research Paper Example Nok sculptures also show animals and humans. Their purpose is yet unknown, because scientific fieldwork is still not available. Essentially, the terracotta is preserved in the variety of littered pieces. That is why Nok art is famous presently just for the heads, both male and female, whose hairstyles are especially comprehensive and advanced. The sculptures are in remains since the discoveries are normally made from alluvial mud, in landscape made by the attrition of water. The terracotta sculptures established there are secreted, rolled, polished and fragmented. Hardly are the works of great size preserved intact making the, exceedingly prized on the global art market. The terracotta figurines are hallow, coil produced, almost life sized human heads and torso shown with exceedingly stylized aspects, adequate jewellery, and different stances. Numerous artifacts have been established depicting an assortment of physical ailments, including incapacitating illness and facial paralysis. The Nok culture of central Nigeria is famous for its terracotta sculptures and denotes the first sculptural in Sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, Nok plays a well know functions in the appearance of iron technology, offering some of the most primitive proof of iron smelting in West Africa about 500 BC as illustrated by excavations in Taruga. In comparison to its scientific significance, Nok remained a mystery for a long time, since few archaeological fieldwork has been committed to the Nok culture, and previously, little less is known about the creators of those remarkable works of art. In reality, Taruga is better described as an iron-smelting site, as huge figure of iron-smelting furnaces have been revealed but no abode has been found with surety. Test excavations have been conducted, which have long established. The position of many iron-smelting furnaces, some of which have been excavated have been found. It has also proved likely, as a consequent of the work at Taruga, to acquire a clearer perception of the pottery connected with the sculptures than has until now been likely from the alluvial sites. No particular stone tools have been identified at Taruga, so that there in any case it appears the Nok culture was totally iron-using. The iron smelting furnaces at Taruga are at the time the most primitive known in sub-Saharan Africa. The only location where a fulfilling interface has been discovered between a pre-metal and a metal using phase of technology is at Daima. In the farthest north-eastern horizon of Nigeria (Fagg 41-50). In 1943, an archeologist based in the United Kingdom Bernard Fagg, traveled across central Nigeria looking for artifacts of any known ancient African civilization, and collected virtually 200 terracottas through buying, persuasion, and his own excavations. Soil examination from the sites where the artifacts were discovered dated them about 500 B.C. This appeared unlikely since the form of advanced communities that would have created such works were not thought to have existed in West Africa that early. However, when Fagg subjected plant content identified embedded in the terracotta to the then new method of radiocarbon dating, the dates varied from 440 B.C. to A.D. On the other hand, a scarecrow head was excavated and dated to about 500 B.C. utilizing a procedure known as thermoluminescence that measures the time since baked clay was fired. Taruga

World Litertur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

World Litertur - Essay Example Juno has sent me, who cares for both of you alike. Cease, then, this brawling, and do not draw your sword†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Iliad, Book 1). This same interaction with humans could be observed throughout the Odyssey as well. In book 1, we see Minerva disguising herself as Anchialus to give counsel to Ulysses’ son, Telemachus. She did so to give him the courage to wait for his father since his father is still alive. The gods are directly involved with humans, not only to aid them or to answer their prayers or to protect them, but even to take advantage of them, or to be their parents. Achilles has a nymph for a mother, present in The Iliad. The relation of the gods to the humans simulates almost the social interaction that humans have with each other, except that, because of the gods’ supernatural capacities, this interaction with the gods becomes richer (in a sense, becomes more â€Å"supernatural†). The interaction is richer in the sense that the interaction produce s results that may not necessarily happen when humans merely interact with each other. Probably, no human interaction could ever produce an Achilles for example. Poseidon’s hatred of Odysseus brought him everywhere leading to an adventure that no mere mortal of lesser status than Ulysses could ever have or handle. In Dr. Faustus, we have a much weaker protagonist—Faustus certainly does not command the respect of an Achilles or an Odysseus, but he is still god-like. Granted, all characters have their tragic flaws, but Faustus is difficult to like, and this factor makes it easier for the audience to watch him sell his soul to the devil. To reach his goal Faustus, ‘swollen with cunning of a self-conceit’ does not hesitate to sell his soul to Mephistopheles for twenty-four years of supernatural powers. After rejecting all subjects as unworthy of achieving immortal fame, he becomes romantically obsessed with ‘metaphysics of the magicians’ and hastily concludes: ‘A sound magician

Is Public Safety Assured or Threatened Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Is Public Safety Assured or Threatened - Essay Example In such instances, prison terms are far more costly and less effective than alternative programs. Effective alternative programs, regardless of intensity, are still the less costly option. There are other sanctions and programs available, such as probation, treatment programs, work-release programs and a host of combined services that, when combined and applied appropriately, may prevent crime without the expense of prison. Criminologist James Q. Wilson believes that prison has been overused as states have Expanded their incarceration programs. â€Å"They have dipped deeper into the bucket of persons eligible for prison, dredging up offenders with shorter and shorter criminal records.† Wilson argues that the costs to society may far outweigh the benefits. Increased incarceration does little to increase public safety. The cost of America’s correction system â€Å"now exceeds $60 billion per year† (Austin & Fabelo 7). Those who have violated their probation for con victions of alcohol and drug use, unemployment and failure to pay court fees has also increased, as a result. The increased cost ultimately is passed on to taxpayers, with little return for their investments. Crimes related to drugs, property and public disorder have little to no connection with pain and suffering to victims. Yet , â€Å"over 90% of crimes committed are of this nature† (Austin & Fabelo 9). Public safety is not even an issue. Effective alternative programs, which could include job training, education, rehabilitation and other services based on ability to pay would likely save taxpayers and communities money.

Principles of tax income law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Principles of tax income law - Essay Example In John’s case, he is an employee of a real estate agent but he is carrying out personalised investment activities. This can be seen with the purchase of the motel in order to sell it out as a kindergarten later. A purchase of this kind can be considered as an investment carried out with the intention to make a profit. In terms of the bigger picture, John’s investment activity can be considered as a business activity in ordinary usage since he invests money in order to derive a profit. Receipts or profits created through business activities are treated as ordinary income for most circumstances3 4. In cases where there may be payment complications or where receipts cannot be created from proceeds of business, income may not be seen as ordinary5. However, in John’s case, if the real estate sold out it would have produced a simple income receipt that would have been considered as ordinary income. The onset of the flood and the clearing up of the land can further be considered as business activities on John’s part in order to add value to his property. The assessment that John’s land carried underground hot water reservoirs merely added even more value to his land. John is now being offered money based on the value addition on the motel site he purchased. The value addition activities of John can be seen as business activities analogous to any other value addition properties carried out by any other business. As long as there is â€Å"sufficient connection† between John’s income derived from the sale of land and value addition on the land, John’s income will be categorised as ordinary income according to FCT v Consolidated Press Holdings Ltd (No 2)6 7. A scrutiny of John’s circumstances reveals that he purchased land with a view to make profit and his final transaction with Green Energy results in profit. Such income is considered ordinary income for taxation purposes. Problem Question 1B The capital ga ins tax (CGT) applies to any forms of capital gains made when an asset is disposed off except for certain exemptions. Most exemptions related to CGT in Australia are based on items of personal use as well as exemptions to promote certain business activities. Moreover, the CGT enforced in Australia provides for rollovers under certain circumstances. The contention behind CGT is to tax income that falls within the capital gain category so that it cannot be drained off for other purposes. Assessments for CGT rely on considering any net gains as part of the taxable income structure for a single tax year8. The net gains may result from the sale of owned assets or from any other forms of disposal of assets. Any form of assets held by an individual for a period of one year or more are given a fifty percent discount when considering the CGT on disposal9. CGT was introduced to Australia in 1985 and any assets held by a person before this are exempt from CGT. Assets acquired by a person in or after 1985 are considered alone in CGT deductions10. In the case of Kimberly, her assets were mostly formed well after 1985 so CGT applies to most of her assets except those that are exempt under current CGT laws. In addition to this observation, it is noteworthy that up to 1999, CGT applied after an assessment of the consumer price index (CPI). Under this scheme, changes in the price of an asset due to consumption

Analysis of Punting a football(Biomechanics) Research Paper

Analysis of Punting a football(Biomechanics) - Research Paper Example Proper punting technique is achieved when a punter is able to kick the ball for as long and as high as he can (Guy & Sang, 2009). There are a number of biomechanical techniques for achieving proper form, which make reference to the way the ball is dropped into the kick, how the punter follows through with his leg motion, and how the punter steps into his kick. These principles are best described and illustrated by means of example, which will follow shortly. The necessity of proper punting technique may be broken into two categories: (a) the safety and health of the punter and (b) the strategic advantage of well-placed punts during a game. With respect to safety and health, bad form in any sport will lead to injury of the muscles, bones, and joints involved with the physical activity. Quadriceps strains, in particular, are associated with injuries in punters who kick without proper technique (Beatty, McIntosh, Savage, Orchard, & Landeo, 2007). Because of this risk, safety and health are primary concerns for coaches who try to train their players on the methodology of kicking. Secondly, with respect to strategic advantage, punting technique is situational to the conditions of the game (Guy & Sang, 2009). That is, technique should be adjusted depending on circumstances such as field position, probability of a strong return, probability of a win, and so on. With these realities in mind, there is no perfect (or ideal) form; however, biomech anical principles apply to generally proper form. In addition to proper technique being situational in terms of circumstances within the game, proper technique for punters is also situational based on the comfort and ability levels of the punter himself. An athlete should not strain himself to achieve form and technique of those with considerably more strength and flexibility. This is particularly important, especially even before the ball is

Poverty in America Essay Example for Free

Poverty in America Essay Poverty in America seems to stare at us in every town and major city. Being a culture of materialism and economic success, you would imagine that we would have enough prosperity to see that everyone has a fair share of housing, healthcare and money to fulfill their basic needs. However, as collection plates and fundraisers of our churches continue to ask more and more of us, it sometimes feels as if the need for charity will never cease. In fact, in Deuteronomy 15:11 we read that, â€Å"The needy will never be lacking in the land; that is why I command you to open your hand to your poor and needy kinsman in your country. † With this is in mind, we as Christians can remember that charity is a work of God, not an obligation put upon us by our own personal community. Later in the New Testament we read of Jesus saying, â€Å"The poor you will always have with you; but you will not always have me. † This statement again affirms the need for charity will always continue. And logically, as our population grows while our resources become more limited, this statement clearly makes sense. Yet, with all of the poverty we see, we also view just as much corporate greed and needless spending. If you’ve ever watched MTV Cribs, you wonder how one movie or sports star can justify sleeping at night in a bed that cost more than a half a years rent for some families. Granted, we might not always have the celebrities here on earth, but should we give them as much reverence as Jesus, and justify their increasing expenditures? The gap existing between the financial extremes seems to be forever growing rather than diminishing. Though the Bible admonishes that we should be giving of charity; in today’s culture this may mean taking a further step and turning away from our reverence for entertainment. Instead of buying a ticket to the football game for several hundred dollars, we may consider buying two months worth the food for the local food pantry to accomplish this goal. We may not eliminate poverty, but perhaps stop the growth of the gap between the two extremes. Works Cited The New American Bible For Catholics. (1986). South Bend: Greenlawn Press.

Critical Thinking Questions Essay Example for Free

Critical Thinking Questions Essay Labeling is a societal way of correcting wrongs within the community by giving names related to the kind of wrong committed. Unfortunately, this does not always correct the deviant’s behavior. The labeled character internalizes the label and gets accustomed to it so as behave as labeled. Once one is called a thief they become one because the society is already aware of their character and they have no fear. They abide to the ascribed label, (Labeling and Crime, 2001). 2). What is the difference between primary and secondary deviance? Primary deviance, according to Edwin Lemert, is the initial act in which a person is identified to have committed a social wrong. When the society tries to correct it by punishing the offender they may or not stop committing this act depending on their perception of the form of correction. Secondary deviance is a kind of deviance that results from the reaction of the offender to the initial societal corrective measures. The offender tends to acquaint themselves with stubbornness against first hand correction to mistakes. As result of being labeled they develop a mind set that they are deviants. The community may try to punish them harder only to realize that they harden and commit the crime more frequently and fully become criminals rather than just deviants, (Crime and Criminology, 2010). 3). What are some examples of master status not in the text? A master status is acquired when one is successfully labeled and develops that particular kind of label making it his/her personality. For example, one may acquire a master status as a prostitute, rapist, gay or homosexual. This may have resulted from an act out of curiosity, desperation or poverty. When it is known to the public they may be labeled. The community does not want to associate with them and they may not get jobs due to the label and they decided to make it their personality for survival. 4). What are traits associated with them? Master status may result to a complete change in the character and personality of an individual. The new state makes them express low self esteem, shyness to the public, wild reactions that make them commit the crime more even after harsh punishment. They may tend to be closely associated with other criminals and may indulge in other related crimes other than the one they were labeled after. This mixed reaction results from victimization of the labeled person by capitalizing on his weakness rather than promoting their strengths. 5). How do those assumed traits affect our perceptions of people with that status? The perception of the community on a person who has acquired master status is transformed towards the description of this person in accordance to their label. They are called thieves other than teacher or father which would still be his other roles in the society. The community perceives them as evil and criminals despite any attempt to act well. 6). What are decision-making types used by rational choice theory? Decision making in rational theory may be in two types. Criminal event decision type and criminal involvement decision type. Criminal involvement type of decision making involve the criminal weighing options on whether participating in a criminal activity would yield more benefits or negatives. A cost benefit analysis is first taken before one commits crime. Crime event type of decision making involve the issues related to a particular crime that respond to the questions where, when, and how. The person must have decided to commit a crime and but they are either held back by either of the above mentioned situations which would promote the success of the crime, (Vito, Maahs, Holmes, 2007). 7). How do these decisions apply to crime? The rational decision making applies in crime in a number of ways. If a criminal decides that it would be beneficial, advantageous, and lucrative to commit the crime then they would commit it at particular location and specific time as deemed appropriate. When the analysis is completed the criminal does not fear any punishment emanating for the crime they intend to commit. This is applicable in theft and burglary cases. References Crime and Criminology: retrieved in 2010. http://www. sociologyindex. com/crime. htm 2010 Labeling and Crime: edited in March 2001: http://www. le. ac. uk/education/resources/SocSci/labelling. html 09 Vito, GT F. , Maahs, J. R. Holmes, R. M. (2007). Criminology: theory, research, and policy. Canada: Jones and Bartlett’s publisher.