Owning A Guinea Pig As A Pet

Owning A Guinea Pig As A Pet ABSTRACT Have you ever owned a guinea pig as a pet? These small animals make a perfect family pet and enjoy spending quality time with their owners. Snuggling, eating, and playing are all things that guinea pigs generally love doing. With some knowledge of guinea pigs and how to care for them, owning a pet guinea pig can be a very enjoyable experience for both you and your pet. GLOSSARY Diagnose: to determine the  identity of a disease or illness by a medical  examination Gastrointestinal tract: the stomach and intestine as a functional unit Homeostasis: the tendency of a system, especially the  physiological system of higher animals, to maintain internal stability, owing to the coordinated response of its parts to any situation or stimulus tending to disturb its normal condition or function. Husbandry: the science of breeding, rearing, and caring for animals. Neuter: having no organs of reproduction; without sex; asexual. 1 INTRODUCTION Just like any other domestic pet that we see today, guinea pigs have a long history of domestication. Guinea pigs are a member of the rodent species, but have their own unique physical and behavioral characteristics that set them apart from other rodents. There are a lot of special needs that guinea pigs share to maintain a happy and healthy life. Good husbandry is the best way of assuring that a pet will live to its full potential. Understanding guinea pigs is a great start to a long fulfilling relationship between an owner and their special little pet. HISTORY OF THE GUINEA PIG Origin Guinea pigs, also known as cavies, originated from the Peru region of the Andes Mountains where it is referred to as cuy (Forstadt, n.d., para.7; para. 9). It is here that the familiar rodent can be found roaming freely in the wild just like our everyday squirrel. The wild guinea pig prefers a variety of habitats including rocky, swampy, and woody areas. Being most active at night, they prefer to rest in their burrows during the day (Forstadt, n.d., para. 6). They live in colonies usually with one male and six to seven females. In a wild guinea pig colony, the presence of more than one male usually leads to the males fighting to the death (Hirst, n.d., para. 4). Why They Were Domesticated Domestication of the guinea pig is thought to have begun around 5000 years B.C.; however, some parts of their history are a little blurry. Physical records have been found showing evidence of guinea pig domestication as early as 900 B.C. (Forstadt, n.d., para. 7). In their native land, guinea pigs are used for many different purposes, but seldom kept as pets. The people of the Andes Mountains rely on breeding guinea pigs for meat. In most cases, a mating pair of guinea pigs will be gifted to a newlywed couple and then cared for mostly by the women and children of the family(Forstadt, n.d., para. 11; para. 12). By raising them personally, an Andes Mountain family can usually produce approximately twelve pounds of meat per month (Hirst, n.d., para. 5). Though meat is their main purpose to the Andes Mountain people, guinea pigs are also used in religious and other cultural ceremonies. They are also used in medicine, both to diagnose and treat those considered to be ill or weak. Though they are bred mainly for food, guinea pigs are crucial to, and respected in, the Andes Mountain culture (Forstadt, n.d., para. 14). How They Became Pets After domestication in its native land, the guinea pig was later introduced in Europe where it became popular as a household pet. The cause of its popularity is said to be Queen Elizabeth I keeping one as a pet. From this point on, domestication of the guinea pig continued turning the small rodent species into a very popular choice of pet in many parts of the world (Forstadt, n.d., para. 8). CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GUINEA PIG Behavior From personal experience I can inform you that guinea pigs make excellent pets. Unlike other domestic rodents, guinea pigs are naturally timid and love companionship. In the wild, guinea pigs are very social animals and they require the same companionship when they are kept as pets (Social life, n.d., para. 2). There are many distinct behavioral characteristics that guinea pigs share that set them apart from other rodent species. Their unique vocalizations, humorous actions, and cuddly nature are sure to amuse any pocket pet lover. Guinea pigs seem to have their own unique language. There are many different sounds that can be heard when in the presence of these small rodents and all of these sounds have different meanings. Knowing what these sounds mean will help the owner to better understand their pet and assist in building a stronger relationship between them (McLeod, n.d., para. 1). One of the most common vocalizations of the guinea pig is called wheeking, this habitually corresponds with excitement for food or attention (McLeod, n.d., para. 3). Another sound that is frequently heard from a content guinea pig is called purring, this sound signifies that the animal is having a pleasurable experience, usually when being petted or while cuddling (McLeod, n.d., para. 4). If you ever hear teeth chattering it usually means that the animal is annoyed or angry and this is sometimes followed by showing of the teeth or a bite. Though it is uncommon for a guinea pig to display this type of aggressive behavior toward a person, it sometimes occurs when introducing two males. If this behavior occurs during an introduction, then the two males should be separated before one gets a chance to attack (McLeod, n.d., para.6). When guinea pigs are extremely frightened or hurt they will project a sound called shrieking. This is a very loud, high pitched, repetitive sound and if it is ever heard then the guinea pig should be thoroughly examined for any signs of injury (McLeod, n.d., para. 9). There are many other sounds that a guinea pig can produce, but they are heard less frequently or, in some cases, not at all. Guinea pigs also communicate by using body language that sometimes goes hand in hand with the distinct sounds they produce. Some gestures signify playfulness, whereas others may be a warning. Whatever the gesture may be, knowing what these actions mean will also help an owner to understand their pet. One gesture frequently observed is called popcorning. With a well deserved name, the animal will pop itself up into the air, often repeatedly, while tossing their head upward and kicking their hind legs back. This gesture is most frequently seen in younger guinea pigs and it signifies a very happy and playful animal (McLeod, n.d., para. 13). Among many other playful gestures that may be observed, there are also some behaviors that are intended to warn when a guinea pig is upset. When agitated, a guinea pig may stiffen its legs and head while rising its body up higher than usual, this is usually a good time to back off and let the animal have some space. Any number of aggressive behaviors may be combined depending on the severity of annoyance. Some of these behaviors include, but are not limited to, hissing, fluffing of the fur, and showing of the teeth (McLeod, n.d., para. 17). Once an owner has an understanding of their guinea pigs personality, both parties will share a very healthy and happy relationship. Appearance Guinea pigs usually grow to lengths of approximately ten inches long and weigh one to two pounds (Hirst, n.d., para. 2). They have stout bodies with a large and elongated head that is equivalent to approximately one third of their entire body length. Guinea pigs do not have tails and their ears are large and rounded (Pavia, 2005, p. 18). They have short stubby legs and small padded feet. Though guinea pigs may have little variance in shape and size, their coats come in a variety of colors, texture, and length. The wild cavy is usually only found in shades of gray or brown and generally have short to medium length fur. Through years of domestication, an outburst of different colors and coat types has been created (Forstadt, n.d., para. 6). There are many different breeds of guinea pigs but only 13 are recognized in the United States (Nash, n.d., para. 1). Each having their own unique physical characteristics, some breeds are Skinny, American, Coronet, and Texel. Ranging from almost hairless to very long hair, these breeds all have similar body types but look very different. The Skinny guinea pig is almost completely hairless but may have some patches of fur (Guinea pigs, 2008, para. 16). The American guinea pig is shorthaired and has a very smooth looking coat (Guinea pigs, 2008, para.8). Coronet guinea pigs have an extremely long coat that has a smooth appearance and requires special grooming, and the Texel guinea pig has a long coat that is very crimpy and wavy (Guinea pigs, 2008, para.4; para. 5). Seeing all of the different breeds that have been genetically mastered through intricate breeding portrays the passion that people have for these small pocket pets. GUINEA PIG HUSBANDRY Housing Providing an adequate clean space, a fresh wholesome diet, and meeting grooming needs are all essential for keeping a happy and healthy guinea pig. Guinea pigs are social animals, having a cage mate can do a lot for their health. It is recommended that males are not kept with other males; however, if they are litter mates they may get along nicely. Females and males get along great, as do females with other females. Guinea pigs can reproduce rather quickly, unless neutering is an option, it is not recommended to house a male and female together (Guinea pig care, n.d., para. 4). A minimum of four square feet should be kept for each guinea pig in the cage. They need room to exercise and get away from each other if they need too (Guinea pig care, n.d., para. 5). Guinea pigs sleep the best if they have their own covering to crawl in, providing some sort of cubby or dome for each animal in the cage is essential for good health. Besides providing a cage mate, hiding spaces and toys appropriate for guinea pigs in their habitat may help keep them from getting too bored (Guinea pig care, n.d., para. 8). It is essential to keep their environment as clean as possible with good ventilation. The bottom of a guinea pig cage should be solid with no wire or mesh lining; these types of surfaces are good for sanitation but can injure the animals feet. Glass aquariums do not provide enough ventilation, a solid plastic or metal base with a wired top is a great guinea pig environment (Guinea pig care, n.d., para. 5). The bedding used in a guinea pig cage should not be cedar or pine. Both of these woods contain oils that are bad for the animals health. Other types of wood shavings, hay, or grass may be appropriate (Guinea pig care, n.d., para. 7). Personally, I use an all natural paper bedding which, in my opinion, is the most safe and comfortable. It is thick and cotton ball-like and it produces little to no dust. Supplying everything in the guinea pigs cage to keep them comfortable and entertained is crucial. Diet Guinea pigs love to eat and they have some special needs when it comes to their diet. They have sensitive gastrointestinal tracts and providing an unlimited amount of timothy hay or orchard grass aids in their digestion (Vital vittles, 2009, para. 4). Commercial pellets should be fed everyday; however, only one eighth of one cup should be provided (Vital vittles, 2009, para. 2). Approximately one cup of a fresh leafy green mixture should be served daily as well as small amounts of fresh fruit and other fresh vegetables (Guinea pig feeding, 2009, para. 4). Some leafy green vegetables that should be offered on a daily basis are kale, mustard greens, spinach, romaine, and parsley (Vital vittles, 2009, para. 14). Vegetables that are good to feed, but less frequently, are carrots, celery, and sweet potatoes (Vital vittles, 2009, para. 15). Fruits should not be offered in large quantities because they contain excess amounts of sugar. Fruits are usually served as a treat and may include app les, pears, blueberries, kiwi, and strawberries (Vital vittles, 2009, para. 17). Not all fruits and vegetables are healthy to a guinea pig. Some foods that are not good for a guinea pigs health are iceberg lettuce, seeds, nuts, collard greens, bok choy, and beans (Vital vittles, 2009, para.16; para. 20). Guinea pigs need a lot of vitamin C to support their immune system, adding a supplement to their water and supplying vitamin C to their everyday diet is crucial for maintaining homeostasis (Vital vittles, 2009, para. 5). Grooming Grooming branches off into different things that prevent certain conditions that could potentially affect the animals health. Having continually growing teeth, the guinea pig lays at risk of a very painful condition. If proper materials to help wear down their teeth are not provided, their teeth can become over grown and possibly grow into other areas of their mouth. This condition could also prevent the animal from eating, resulting in starvation (Guinea pig pet care, n.d., para. 6). Personally, I provide things such as untreated wood blocks, toilet paper rolls, and a daily supply of hay to help keep the teeth a healthy length. In some cases, providing these items for the guinea pig may not work well enough and manual filing may be required. Just like the teeth, toenails can also become overgrown and uncomfortable. Toenails may be worn down naturally if a hard surface is provided in the cage, but sometimes they have to be trimmed manually (Guinea pig pet care, n.d. para. 5). Having a hairless or short haired guinea pig is less demanding then having a long haired guinea pig. They are generally clean animals and bathing is not required often; however, longhaired guinea pigs require frequent brushing to prevent knots from forming in their fur (Guinea pig pet care, n.d. para. 9). CONCLUSION Despite their original purpose in their native land, guinea pigs make excellent family pets. Their wacky gestures, unique sounds, and stout appearance are sure to make anyone crack a smile. Guinea pigs are the happiest when paired with another guinea pig. Providing good husbandry will reduce the risk of disease in any animal. While caring for a guinea pig does have some special demands, it is worth it.

Post-Post Critiques of Racism Essay -- Racism

Carrie Mae Weems and Hank Willis Thomas are two contemporary artists who are defying contemporary social and political categories and taking art photo into an engage era. The essays by Annie E Coombes provide a critical analysis of how the contemporary scene is moving beyond categories of post modern, and post race. Both are efforts to rescue contemporary artists who are dealing with forms of oppression from being described as old fashion or out of date. Carrie Mae Weems is an African American photographer. She was born in 1953 in Portland, Oregon and she currently resides in Brooklyn NY. Her work deals with the issues such as identity, racism, gender, etc. Weems moved to San Francisco after high school where she got her BA and then she finished her MFA in San Diego, CA. Her first body of work was â€Å"Family Pictures and Stories† which she finished in 1983. Almost all of her work is focused on racism, Gender and finding her own identity as an African American artist. She has won numerous awards for her work in the field of photography. â€Å"Friends of Photography named her photographer of the year. She was awarded â€Å"the distinguished photographer’s award† in 2005, for making contribution in the realm of photography. Her work has been exhibited across the United States, and internationally. The Coombes article on Weems contrasts the artist work against the political popularity of Obama (among Whites at least). Coombes is arguing that Weems is still relevant and that a critique of racism is still vital in American art. Weems draws on historical views of race but looks at it from a new and distinct way. She finds hidden racist themes in anthropological photographic styles that become very obvious when s... ...n tradition in politics and art that is conscious of race and racism. Both are however moving into new areas and could be called postmodern or post racism. Both critiques are trying to reclaim the post-political, or reposition political involvement in art. Art that is new a fresh connects older critiques of oppression to more recent ones. Reference: Official website of Hank Willis Thomas, http://hankwillisthomas.com/ Retrieve at 12/14/2011. Official website of Carrie Mae Weems, http://carriemaeweems.net/ Retrieve at 12/14/2011. Women in Photography International, http://www.womeninphotography.org/Events-Exhibits/DistinguishedPhotog/CarrieMaeWeems_2005/Weems.html Retrieve at 12/14/2011. W.E.B Du Bois Institute African and African American Research, http://dubois.fas.harvard.edu/hank-willis-thomas Retrieve at 12/14/2011.

Evolution of Advertising in Nigeria Essay

The Nigeria Advertising had its humble beginning rooted in colonial history, advertising development could be traced to about 1928 with the birth of West African Publicity Limited. An off shoot of UAC, the company was set up to cater for the marketing activities of the colonial masters in both Nigeria and West Africa. This company was later to transform to a full fledged advertising firm in 1929 known as Lintas with two other subsidiaries newly Afro media, the outdoor medium and Pearl/Dean, the cinema arm. With the setting up of the companies then headed by expatriates, the companies were to enjoy a monopoly for a long time to come it was not until 1950’s when other advertising agencies started to emerge on the scene. Ogilvy, Benson and Martha (OBM) and Grant were later to join the fray to form the big three in the industry. The medium of advertising was in its infancy in those days Federal Government owned National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) where he only television stations that operated in the four regions of East, West, North and later Midwest. These regions later set up their private stations pioneered by the West, at Ibadan, prior to independence. In 1960 and 1962 respectively, Enugu and Kaduna followed suit. And with the creation of more regions by the General Yakubu Gowon (rtd) administration and creation of more states by both Alhaji Shehu Shagari and Ibrahim Babangida regimes, more state government-owned television and radio stations were established. Daily Times, Express, Tribune, New Nigeria and Sketch were among the fore-runners in newspaper publishing. Some state governments also published newspapers that addressed their local audience. Two major magazines- Drum and Spear from Daily Times stable were also at the time published. Between the early 1960’s and 1970, there was no spectacular development in the industry. But the promulgation of Nigeria Enterprises as promotion Decree of 1972 popularly known as Indigenization policy urshed in a new phase in the industry. The policy transformed key positions in corporate organisations to indigenes. Mr Silvester, Muoemeka was by the dictates of  the policy to emerge the first indigenous chief executive of Lintas. Lintas further empowered more Nigerians to take up the business of advertising some of whom had to leave broadcasting to embrace the new thinking. By the later 1970’s however, two ambitious agencies, Rosabel Advertising and Insight Communication, sprang up. The coming of the two agencies which till today are still doing very well, no doubt, was a watershed in the industry of advertising in Nigeria as the agencies brought new ideas into the industry while taking creativity to a higher. Before the turn of the decade, 23 agencies had been formed. With the steady growth in the number of practitioners and agencies arose the need for associations to be formed to advance their common interests and a regulatory body to that would regulate and standardize advertising practice. A meeting of the agencies held at Ebute Metta, Lagos in 1971 was to metamorphose into Association of Advertising Practitioners of Nigeria (AAPN) with the objective of  Protecting practitioners against unfavourable business. The association was later renamed Association of Advertising Agencies of Nigeria. As the industry continued to grow in volume of business and complexity, more and more people were attracted to the industry. The need to establish an institution to regulate advertising practice became apparent. This gave rise to the establishment of Advertising Parishioners Council of Nigeria (APCON) by Decree 55 of 1988, later renamed Act 55 of 1988 by the civilian administration on November 1989, the first meeting of the association held somewhere in Ebute-meta, Lagos finally culminated. APCON started operation in 1990 with the employment of the pioneer registrar in the person of Dr Charles Okigbo. The era of economic restructuring and liberalization opened up the Nigerian business to global economy. Foreign investments started flowing into the economy the expatriates who once left the shores of the land due to the indigenization policy gradually returned. And with them, the boom in economy. Aside, privatization of mass communication medium in the 1990’s also witnessed the setting up of private  owned media houses which are platforms for advertisement placements. â€Å"But in the 1990’s the sector came alive. Not only that alarming and ambitions agencies such as Prima Garnet, Sotu and Caesars sprang up, the sector began to expand beyond advertising as full services public relation firms such as the Quadrant JSP and Quest were established. Also the era witnessed the mad rush of foreign affiliations. While some agencies sought this affiliation to help boost their human capital, others just joined the bandwagon just to feel among.† As the business expanded, related services providers joined the fray to cash in on the boom. Not long after they formed themselves into association to also further heir cause and protect their interest. Media Independent Practitioners Association of Nigeria (ADVAN), outdoor Advertising Association of Nigeria (OAAN) emerged. Not long the industry became an all corners affairs. Competition became very stiff and practitioners started adopting unwholesome means to undercut one another. Industry debt became a major issue to the extent that it attracted the attention of past federal government who encouraged the practitioners to find a way of resolving the perennial problem. Just as competition continued to get stiff, agencies did not rest on their oars as they embarked on training of their staff who will be able to meet the challenge of modern day advertising. As creativity took centre stage, the industry witnessed a lot of innovation and creative ideas. The foreigners who started coming back brought with them standard and professional which changed the advertising landscape. Restructuring, training and brand building and creativity have taken centre stage.

The Mists of Avalon, by Marion Zimmer Bradley Essay

The Mists of Avalon, by Marion Zimmer Bradley The Mists of Avalon, by Marion Zimmer Bradley, is not only an example of a Medieval Romance, but also tells the story of the women who stood behind King Arthur during his infamous reign in the Middle Ages. The term â€Å"Medieval Romance† does not necessarily mean that the piece using it contains any sort of romance. There are three criteria that must be meet to form a Medieval Romance. (1) The plot must divide into sharply separate episodes that often do not seem joined in any obvious casual fashion. (2) The plots generally take the form of tests that they must pass to attain form goal. (3) The protagonist fails tests, which often involve acts of moral and spiritual perception, until such a point†¦show more content†¦They believe in one all-powerful god above who can take as many forms and names, as he wants. Even though the believers In Avalon thought well of the Christian, the Christians despised those from Avalon, and thought of them as evil. Viviane, a woman, is the High Priestess of Avalon. It was she, following the wishes of the Goddess, who set Arthur on the Throne. The High Priestess seats Arthur on the throne in the hope that he will protect the rites and traditions of Avalon. Old Arthurian Legends were always told from a Christian man’s perspective, the Lady of the Lake is looked on as an evil sorceress. In The Mists of Avalon, however, we see Viviane’s actions through Viviane’s eyes. This new perspective allows us to see that Viviane worked only for the good of the people and is not evil. It is in this feminine perspective that we are given more insight into Arthurian Legend. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Camelot and Avalon were alive in the time of knights, and of war and conquest. Old Arthurian Legend is full of tales about an individual knights prowess. Tales of bloody battles, and of long quests with many duels are very common. They also told of great battles with foreign invaders. Long battles full of gore and great detail. In The Mists of Avalon there are many battles against such invaders. Most notably of such battles are the Saxons. The Saxons try to take over the lands of High and Les Britain. Arthur must rally all the people of his lands to uniteShow MoreRelatedMist of Avalon by Marion Zimmer Bradley525 Words   |  2 PagesMist of Avalon breaks through many stereotypes but also strengthens some in some ways. One stereotype that was torn down was that women are not as strong as men. This is proved to be wrong when they have Morgaine fighting men and actually being victorious. This movie also breaks the stereotype that women can’t be in pow er. Most women in this movie hold very high positions. For example, Viviane is the high goddess of Avalon. Also Morgaine is her second in command. 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Handelian Influence on Music - 888 Words

Over time, the world has seen many outstanding musicians, and so much fantastic music. Each highly remembered composer or musician changed the way we think and see the world. They give us new ideas, and music is a wonderful way to convey moods and emotions. Each also slightly changed music itself. Handel was one of the greatest of these people. He was a superior composer who largely influenced and expanded music. Background George Frideric Handel was born in Germany, but found his future in England as a composer. Stanley states that: â€Å"Handel was by training and temperament a composer†¦ Like Mozart he possessed in the highest degree the supreme attributes of the musical dramatist† (105-106). The surprising thing is Handel was not raised to†¦show more content†¦(Stanley 104) He was able to write compositions in relatively short amounts of time. He would just keep going over his pieces until they became the masterpieces everyone knew him for. â€Å"Handel’s mature style is empirical and eclectic. His creative personality was so strong that he was able to assimilate what he wanted from whatever tradition he met, without awkwardness or incongruity, and to comprehend the new without abandoning the old† (Stanley 104). This ability to write in different cultures and to use both new and old techniques immensely helped Handel to reach all types of people. He was greatly loved by those who heard his music, and was an appreciated musician in many cultures. He could write for the different cultures and different age ranges, covering all genres and styles. George Frederic Handel George Frederic Handel Handel was excellent at writing to suit all circumstances. Lang explains â€Å"As we look at his life work from the perspective of the sum total of all genres, we discover that he was at ease in every style and every type, vocal or instrumental, capable of meeting Italians, Frenchmen, and Englishmen on their own grounds and rising above them† (570-571). Every place had its own culture and style. There also was the language barrier, but Handel could top them all. In the beginning of the 18th century, no one made English operas, all the music was brought from Italy.Show MoreRelatedThe Influence of George Frideric Handel on Music1165 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Over time, the world has seen many outstanding musicians, and so much fantastic music. Each highly remembered composer or musician changed the way we think and see the world. They give us new ideas, and music is a wonderful way to convey moods and emotions. Each also slightly changed music itself. Handel was one of the greatest of these people. He was a superior composer who largely influenced and expanded music. Background George Frideric Handel was born in Germany, but found his future in EnglandRead MoreBeethoven Annotated Biblography1525 Words   |  7 Pagesliving, and inflation. Beethoven-Haus Bonn is a museum located in the birth house of Beethoven. Information is based on documents onsite. Ardley, Neil. Music, an Illustrated Encyclopedia. New York, NY: Facts on File, 1986. Print. Gives all the pertinent details for a novice in classical music. Distinguishes the differences in types of music written by a composer. Lists the most popular works by Beethoven according to the kind of piece that was composed. While this source was not solely on BeethovenRead MoreThe Life and Musical Influence of George Frideric Handel1752 Words   |  7 Pagesprofession. However, George was allowed to take music lessons from a local organist, by the name of Friedrich Wilhelm Zachau, after Handel had impressed the Duke when he played the organ at the chapel. In his following years, Handel would travel to many places, accepting many different musical occupations. As Handel traveled, he was introduced to many of his musical influences. He wrote operas, oratorios, anthems, secular cantatas, and also wrote scarred music. Throughout his life, Handel would becomeRead MoreEssay on The Life and Musical Influence of George Frideric Handel1850 Words   |  8 Pagesprofession. However, Geor ge was allowed to take music lessons from a local organist, by the name of Friedrich Wilhelm Zachau, after Handel had impressed the Duke when he played the organ at the chapel. In his following years, Handel would travel to many places, accepting many different musical occupations. As Handel traveled, he was introduced to many of his musical influences. He wrote operas, oratorios, anthems, secular cantatas, and also wrote scarred music. Throughout his life, Handel would become

Essay Death of a Salesman, Tragic Hero. Willy Loman.

To what extent can Willy Loman be considered a tragic hero according to Aristotle’s rules? Arthur Miller presents his play ‘Death of a Salesman’ in the ancient form of a tragedy. Aristotle has defined his idea of the ‘perfect’ tragedy in his text, ‘Poetics’ (350 BC).Here he suggests that the protagonist must fall from an elevated social standing as a result of a â€Å"fatal flaw† within the character; the fall from the main character creates resolution to the play which is seen as just; finally, Aristotle identified that the action of the drama should take place within a 24hour timeframe. An ancient play which is believed to be the perfect tragedy is Oedipus Rex by Sophocles. ‘Death of a Salesman’ is definitely a tragic play, but is Willy†¦show more content†¦At age 63 he still believes he is popular, respected and good looking which Linda, his wife, encourages throughout the play. Statements such as â€Å"you’re the best looking man in the world† which supports his false beliefs. His unpopu larity can be seen within the requiem when few people turned up to his funeral besides his close family who love him, all of which he pushed away including Linda, who he deceived. Willy also obtains an idea that image is equal to success. This is known to be his hubris; excessive pride. He takes pride in material objects â€Å"Riding on a smile and a shoe shine†¦ personality wins the day† shows how he puts his faith into his personal appearance, and how he appears to smile on the outside but fails to admit that he isn’t on the inside. He thinks personality can be judged on what he says, but forgets that it ‘shines’ through when he speaks. â€Å"I won’t have you mending stockings in this house! Now throw them out†. The stockings can be seen as a representative of Loman’s unfaithfulness as a husband as the sight of them brings back memories of when Biff caught him cheating on Linda and found out the Willy had given ‘the woman’ the expensive stockings he was supposed to give his wife as a gift. Willy Loman’s reasoning behind doing this may be because he didn’t want to come across as à ¢â‚¬Ëœlow’ to his mistress, so by giving her expensive stockings out of the blue itShow MoreRelatedIs Willy Loman a Tragic Hero in Death of Salesman1305 Words   |  6 PagesWilly Loman’s character in Death of a Salesman portrays him as a tragic hero. Willy Loman continued to want his recognition and his reputation but never forgets about his family. These characteristics describe him as a tragic hero in Death of a Salesman. Willy Loman’s tragic flow leads him to purse the idea that reputation in society has more relevancies in life than knowledge and education to survive in the business. His grand error of wanting recognition drove him crazy and insane and lead toRead More Willy Loman as Tragic Hero of Death of a Salesman Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesWilly Loman as Tragic Hero of Death of a Salesman       Willy Loman, the title character of the play, Death of Salesman, exhibits all the characteristics of a modern tragic hero. This essay will support this thesis by drawing on examples from Medea by Euripedes, Poetics by Aristotle, Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, and Shakespeares Julius Caesar, while comments by Moss, Gordon, and Nourse reinforce the thesis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Death of Salesman, by Arthur Miller, fits the characteristics of classicRead MoreDeath of a Salesman: the Tragic Anti-Hero of Willy Loman1008 Words   |  5 PagescenterbA Success at Failure: The Tragic Anti-hero of Willy Loman/b/center br brA hundred years from now, it will not matter what type of car I drove, or what kind of house I lived in, or the amount of money I made, yet the world might be changed because I made a positive difference in the life of a child. This increasingly popular statement raises a question for those who might hear it: how does one impact a child s life for the better? A most obvious response would be to simply beRead More Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller: Willy Loman is NOT a Tragic Hero987 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman by Arthur Miller: Willy Loman is NOT a Tragic Hero In The Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, it is argued weather that Willy Loman is a tragic hero. There are cases for both classifications of Willy. By definition, a tragic hero is a person born into nobility, is responsible for their own fate, endowed with a tragic flaw, and doomed to make a serious error in judgment. The tragic hero eventually falls from great esteem. They realize they have made an irreversible mistakeRead More Willy Loman as a Tragic Hero in Death of a Salesman Essay examples919 Words   |  4 PagesWilly Loman as Tragic Hero in Death of a Salesman Willy Loman, the troubled father and husband in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman, can be classified as a tragic hero, as defined by Aristotle in his work, Poetics. In Aristotles Poetics, a tragic hero was defined as one who falls from grace into a state of extreme despair. Willy, as we are introduced to him, becomes increasingly miserable as he progresses from a dedicated, loving father, though not without flaws, into a suicidal, delusionalRead MoreWilly Loman as a Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman1218 Words   |  5 PagesWilly Loman as a Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Should Willy Loman of Arthur Millers classic, Death of a Salesman be regarded as a tragic hero, or merely a working-class, socially inadequate failure? Described by Miller as a self-destructive, insecure anti-hero, it seems almost impossible for Loman to be what is known as a tragic hero in the classical sense, but with the inclusion of other factors he maybe a tragic hero, at least in the modernRead More Willy Loman, Redefining the Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman1065 Words   |  5 PagesWilly Loman, Redefining the Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman      Ã‚  Ã‚   The events in the life of Willy Loman in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman are no doubt tragic, yet whether or not he can be considered a tragic hero in a traditional sense is a topic requiring some discussion. Aristotle set the criteria for qualities a character must possess in order to be considered a tragic hero. In order to reach a conclusion on this matter, all six criteria must be examined to determineRead MoreEssay about The American Dream in Death of a Salesman1371 Words   |  6 PagesArthur Miller’s ‘Death of a Salesman’ is an examination of American life and consumerism. It relates the story of a common man who portrays this lifestyle. Other issues explored in the play include: materialism, procrastination and alienation. The play was set in 1948, in a time where The American Dream was highly regarded, despite the Depression. The American Dream was a belief that emerged in the later half of the nineteenth century, that if you work h ard you will achieve success and prosperityRead MoreCharacteristics Of Willy Loman A Tragic Hero834 Words   |  4 PagesWilly Loman a Tragic Hero? Death Of a Salesman is a 1949 play written by american playwright Arthur Miller. It is a breathtaking play about Willy Loman, a salesman, trying to chase a dream that died long ago. It expresses how the old man’s life comes crumbling down with his last few attempts to make some of his dream reality and help his family in debt. Now people are debating weather Willy loman fits the right characteristics to be classified as a tragic hero. A tragic hero is someone who makesRead MoreExamples Of Tragedy In Death Of A Salesman1199 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough both are the top elements that are the focus of tragedy, the other four are imperative to achieve the tone and overall character of one. In Death of A Salesman by Arthur Miller, the character Willy Loman is an average modern American man with a superficial American Dream: to be liked, to succeed over everyone else, to be a great salesman. Willy possessed a misguided love for his family and a yearning for success. As his life takes its course, it peaks in his son’s high school years when he

Interest Bearing Securities

Question: Discuss about theInterest Bearing Securities. Answer: Introduction Interest bearing securities can be defined as any security investment that can earn interest such as certificate of deposit, bond or money market fund. These investment are majorly used for the purpose of securing financial gain in the market. This article evaluates the definition of interest bearing security and range at which these investments are made available on the major money markets. The features of these investments are also clearly defined in this article and some of the risks that may be associated with such investments are defined (Bamberg 2013). These investments have their use in the modern economy market and this article has provided a detailed analysis on how to overcome some of the challenges that may be associated with these investments. This article has also provided some of the recommendations that one should adopt in order to oversee the challenges that may be associated with developing an interest-bearing security. The Range of Interest-Bearing Securities Available on Major Money Markets There is a wide range of interest bearing securities available in the major money market today. These interest bearing security may from government stock, which usually offers the highest security. The Local Authority Stock, the capitol notes, debentures and term deposits are some of the interest bearing securities (Bernanke 2004). Investors should therefore be careful when considering their investments in the interest bearing security before they commit their hard earned cash to these investments. Investor need to note that the greater the return the greater the risks hence he/she should first ensure that the worth of their investment are trusted and that they are able trace for the refund in case of any loss or damage that may occur during or even before committing their cash on the investments. Below are some of the considerations that the investor need to consider before they commit their cash in the market. Interest rate need to be a key consideration here, as it will determine the outcome of the return. The range in the market also need to be determined by the security that is offered and assured to the investor. This will definitely boost the morale of the investor, as he/she is able to cater and trace for any loss that may arise in the investments (Buiter 2014). Below is a diagram that shows some of the ranges of interest bearing securities and how they are applicable in the modern economy of today? Features of Interest Bearing Securities: Interest bearing securities have various features depending on the type of the investment; however, there are common features that are associated with most of interest bearing securities. Below are some of the common features that is attributed to most of them: Set maturity dates: most interest bearing securities like bonds have a set maturity date ranging on different timelines such as 1-30 and short-term bonds which matures after a period of three years. Interest payments: a good number of interest bearing securities gives some form of interest payments (Dolvin, Jordan and Miller 2012). On the other hand, it depends on how their structures such as the fixed rate bond which are paid on a regular pattern Principal investment repayment: here the interest bearing securities issuers are tasked to repay the whole of the principal like a bond when it reaches maturity. Credit rating: one can determine the default risk, which the issuers cannot be able to give an interest or the principal payments of a bond by checking the rating that it has been given. Many other features that describe the interest bearing security depending one type the investment it is. Role Played by the Interest-Bearing Securities: Interest bearing securities have great and varied roles in all sectors including the corporate sector. As the name suggests, interest bearing securities bears interests on the different business sets. In interest bearing securities, risk is a factor that is a greater weight in consideration for its a determining factor for the kind of interest earned. The risk can determine if the interest is a bigger one or otherwise (Fama 2013). In this case, it teaches the business players or business people the importance or rather the benefits of risk in every business not only in the interest bearing securities world. The interest bearing securities also provide investment opportunities for the growing world of business branding it an employer for a good population in the countries around the globe. In a special way, its helping various countries solve and curb the challenges of unemployment to its citizens and the youth mostly affected (Duke and Corporation 2002). It is a secure way for investments of the bonds. Investors should carefully consider the advantages of various investments when committing their capital because there is a difference in every investment in terms of security, maturity and terms of payment when and interest return. It is a good source for caution in the field of business once one has closely interacted with such businesses. Historic and Expected/Current Yield of Interest-Bearing Securities: Previously these investments have played a significant role in shaping the economy. It is evident from the past that interest-bearing security has yielded relatively significant amount of outcome. This therefore means that in the future, these investments will greatly impact our economy. Even from the current contribution in the modern market, the investments have impacted positively in the money market. The debentures even as we are speaking leads the pact in contributing to the rapid growth in the current market (Frenkel 2007). From this, we can estimate that in the near future these investments will act as a major source of income to the community. From the growth rate and the estimation, we can assume that these investments will positively impact our market and there might be more interest bearing securities and portfolio in the market. Risks Associated with Interest-Bearing Securities: Before we look at some types of investments, it is important for us to note about some rate securities. The interest that a product may offer in the market may differ from others. This is because of many reasons. For instance, when you lend an amount to someone or organization there exists the risk of not dully getting back the exact amount that you lent out. Definitely, both the lender and you must want a higher rate of interest such you can make up for the risks that may be associated. This however may become very expensive, as catering for all these expenses is not particularly an easy task. The risk of missing on security to provide assurance on management of your investments may be expensive (Robinson 2015). These risks are however manageable but at a relatively high cost. It is also important to note that these risks cannot be absolutely eliminated as risks are prone to recur. The image provided below is an indication of how risk may be associated with interest-bearing securiti es. Use of Interest-Bearing Securities in Economic Policy: In economic policy, interest-bearing securities have a range of uses. These uses can be measured in terms of valuation, duration, asset allocation and even convexity (Rahman Yusuf and Zamzamin 2014). In terms of valuation, the interest-bearing securities have been largely used to determine the value of the assets in the markets. In this scenario, the assets have been rightly valued without manipulation of the international market standards that have been set by the marketing boards that are being controlled internationally through the marketing boards. In terms of asset allocation, the interest-bearing securities have been used ethically to allocate the assets belonging to the bodies in connection with the set international market standards (Mishkin 2011). For instance, the set standards regulate the means of allocating the assets without breaching the set standards of marketing. Recommendations From this article, we have learnt a lot concerning the ways and means in which the interest-bearing securities can impact the market portfolio management. We have also leant that these investments plays a significance role in shaping the current economy, therefore it is a recommendation for the investors to work on ways that can reduce the risks that are associated with such investments (Singh 2013). This is possible because from our article we have realized that these risks are not permanent but can be worked upon to reduce any chances of reoccurrence. The investors should be able to adapt to the changes that may occur in the market. Therefore, they need to established links with external markets and create some alternatives to ensure that if any risk may occur then, they will be able to control the risks. They are also encouraged to maximize their effort to ensure that they stabilize their market. Competition in the market should act like stepping-stones that should let them in sta bilizing their market. Conclusion It is important to note that an interest bearing security has in the recent past grown flamboyantly due to the rise in the financial power in the current market. This article encourages us that despite the risks that may be associated with establishing an interest bearing security, there still exists an opportunity to overcome these risks. From this article, it is evident that the interest bearing security and portfolio management should be keenly observed by the investor to avoid their hardly gained capital (Vayanos and Wang 2007). We have also realized that these investments play a significant in shaping the current economy and creating major gaps in the current economy. These interest bearing securities should be keenly monitored to ensure that they play contribute positively to the economy that sucking what has already been pumped in developing the economy. It is also important to note that these investments are also prone to certain limitation and risk that may hinder the develo pment of many interest bearing security investment and portfolio management. Bibliography Bamberg, J.H., 2013. The rationalization of the British cotton industry in the interwaryears.Textile History. Bernanke, B.S. and Reinhart, V.R., 2004. Conducting monetary policy at very low short-terminterest rates.The American Economic Review,94(2), pp.85-90. Buiter, W.H., 2014. The simple analytics of helicopter money: Why it worksalways.Economics,8. Dolvin, S.D., Jordan, B.D. and Miller Jr, T.W., 2012.Fundamentals of investments: valuationand management. Duke, H., Ibgc Corporation, 2002.Interest bearing gift card and related methods and systems. U.S. Patent Application 10/298,036. Fama, E.F., 2013. Does the Fed control interest rates?Review of Asset Pricing Studies, p.rat007. Frenkel, R., 2007.Argentina: The Central Bank in the Foreign Exchange Market(No. 2007-03). 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Singh, M.M., 2013.The changing collateral space(No. 13-25). International Monetary Fund. Vayanos, D. and Wang, T., 2007. Search and endogenous concentration of liquidity in assetmarkets.Journal of Economic Theory,136(1), pp.66-104.